马克思分工理论视域下生态圈的异化与重识

The Alienation and Re-understanding of Ecosphere from the Perspective of Marx's Theory of Division of Labor

生态视角下的资本主义现代性危机具体表现为当下仍然存在的生态圈异化危机。面对这一危机,需要我们重新审视人与自然的关系的本质,以及这一关系在现实中的具体表现。理论上,以唯物史观为指导的马克思分工思想为我们解构生态圈的异化提供了批判路向指引,具体体现在对资本主义分工主体“工人”不自由处境和资本主义分工整体“机构”非理性生产两方面的批判中。进而,我们能够在本体论层面重识马克思分工理论中的生态圈的科学内涵。认识论方面,在“物质变换”与“生态圈”的关系中,马克思分工理论深刻阐释了“现实的个人”与人与自然关系本体论的统一;实践论方面,在“物质变换的裂缝”与“生态圈的异化”的关系中,马克思社会分工理论能够为人与自然关系本体论提供切实的回应。

The crisis of capitalist modernity from an ecological perspective is embodied in the crisis of ecological alienation that still exists today.In the face of this crisis,we need to re-examine the essence of the relationship between man and nature,and how this relationship manifests itself in reality.Theoretically,Marx's theory on the division of labor,guided by historical materialism,provides a critical direction for us to deconstruct alienation,which is embodied in the criticism of the unfree situation of the workers and the irrational production of the whole apparatus in the capitalist division of labor.Furthermore,we can regain the scientific connotation of the ecosphere in Marx's theory of division of labor at the ontological level.In terms of epistemology,in the relationship between material transformation and ecosphere,Marx's theory of division of labor profoundly explains the unity of the ontology of the relationship between the real individual and the ontology of the relationship between man and nature;in terms of practical theory,in the relationship between the crack of material transformation and the alienation of the ecosphere,Marx's theory of social division of labor can provide a practical response to the ontology of the relationship between man and nature.