适老化乡村建设的理论内涵与实践路径

Theoretical Connotation and Practical Path of Aging-friendly Rural Construction

当前,乡村建设中出现的“主体异化”困境反映出“少数(强势农民/发达地区乡村)替代多数(弱势农民/欠发达地区乡村)”的逻辑。乡村建设需要回归多数弱势农民和欠发达地区乡村的主体性地位。将“适老化”概念引入乡村建设,有助于明确欠发达地区乡村建设的方向。“适老化乡村建设”是以老年人为主体,以满足老年人基础需求为目标,以内、外部条件为手段的乡村整体性秩序重塑。“适老化乡村建设”的实践路径包括四个维度:一是经济维度,强化老人农业的生产保障体系;二是政治维度,塑造老年参与的乡村治理模式;三是社会维度,重建老年友好的社会支持网络;四是文化维度,激活老年关怀的乡土伦理价值。

At present,the predicament of subject alienation in rural construction reflects the logic of the few(strong farmers/developed rural areas)substit for the majority(weak farmers/underdeveloped rural areas).Rural development needs to return to the subjective status of the majority of weak farmers and underdeveloped rural areas.Introducing the concept of aging-friendly into rural construction is helpful in clarifying the path choices for rural construction in underdeveloped areas dominated the elderly.The construction of an age-friendly countryside is a comprehensive reshaping of rural order,with the elderly as the main body,aiming to meet the basic of the elderly,and using internal and external conditions as means.The practice path of age-friendly rural construction includes four dimensions:the first is economic dimension,strengthening the production guarantee system for elderly agriculture;the second is political dimension,shaping a model of rural governance with elderly participation;the third is social dimension,rebuilding a socially supportive network friendly to the elderly;the fourth is cultural dimension,revitalizing the value of local ethics in elderly care.