多花黄精灰霉病病原菌Botrytis deweyae生物学特性及防治药剂筛选

Biological characteristics and fungicides screening of Botrytis deweyae causing gray mold of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

为全面了解多花黄精灰霉病病原菌杜威葡萄孢(Botrytis deweyae)特性,并有效防治由该病原菌引起的病害,本研究对Botrytis deweyae的生物学特性进行分析,并通过室内毒力测定,筛选出有效的化学杀菌剂与生物杀菌剂。结果表明,最适宜Botrytis deweyae菌丝生长的环境条件是24 h光照,25℃恒温培养,最适宜Botrytis deweyae菌丝生长的培养基为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA),pH值6.0~7.0,以葡萄糖为碳源,以牛肉膏为氮源。8种化学杀菌剂中,抑菌效果最好的是500 g/L异菌脲悬浮剂和25%抑霉唑·咯菌腈悬浮剂,半最大效应浓度(EC_(50))分别为0.076μg/mL和0.094μg/mL。7种生物杀菌剂中,0.3%四霉素水剂抑菌效果最好,EC_(50)为0.418μg/mL。本研究结果为Botrytis deweyae引起的多花黄精灰霉病的有效防控提供了科学依据。

In order to understand the characteristics of Botrytis deweyae causing gray mold of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and effectively control the disease caused by Botrytis deweyae,the biological characteristics of Botrytis deweyae were analyzed,and the effective chemical and biological fungicides were screened out by indoor taxicity determination.The results showed that the optimum conditions for mycelial growth of Botrytis deweyae were 24 h light,25℃constant temperature,potato dextrose agar(PDA)medium,pH 6.0-7.0,glucose as carbon source and beef extract as nitrogen source.Among the eight chemical fungicides,500 g/L iprodione suspension agent and 25%imazalil-fludioxonil suspension agent were the most effective,with median effective concentration(EC_(50))of 0.076μg/mL and 0.094μg/mL,respectively.Among the seven biocides,0.3%tetramycin aqueous solution had the best bacteriostatic effect,with EC_(50)of 0.418μg/mL.The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua gray mold caused by Botrytis deweyae.