不同外源激素处理对菊芋幼苗叶片生理特性的影响

Effects of Different Exogenous Hormones on Physiological Characteristics of Seedlings Leaves of Jerusalem artichoke

为研究不同外源物质对菊芋幼苗叶片生理特性的影响,探究菊芋生长过程中生理特性的变化规律。以‘青芋1号’菊芋品种为试验材料,分别采用200 mmol/L脱落酸(ABA)、100 mmol/L茉莉酮酸甲酯(MeJA)、100 mmol/L赤霉素(GA_(3))和200 mmol/L水杨酸(SA)对菊芋幼苗进行处理。在处理后的24、48、72 h分别取样,测定菊芋幼苗叶片中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、抗坏血酸(AsA)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))的含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性。结果表明:ABA、MeJA、GA_(3)、SA处理72 h内均可极显著提高菊芋幼苗叶片中H_(2)O_(2)含量及APX活性,极显著降低菊芋幼苗叶片中可溶性糖含量和GSH含量,显著提升菊芋叶片中可溶性蛋白含量(ABA处理24 h除外)。此外,ABA处理后菊芋叶片中SOD活性较CK(未进行激素处理的叶片)显著提高;MeJA处理后菊芋叶片中AsA的含量极显著低于CK;在GA_(3)处理下,菊芋叶片中SOD活性极显著低于CK;SA处理下,菊芋叶片中MDA含量极显著高于CK而SOD活性极显著低于CK。本研究的结果为后续抗旱菊芋专用品种选育及拓宽菊芋种植区域奠定了理论基础。

To investigate the effects of different exogenous substances on the physiological characteristics of seedlings leaves of Jerusalem artichoke and explore the changes in physiological characteristics during the growth process of Jerusalem artichoke,variety of'Qingyu No.1'was used as the experimental material,and the seedlings of'Qingyu No.1'were treated with 200 mmol/L abscisic acid(ABA),100 mmol/L methyl jasmonate(MeJA),100 mmol/L gibberellin(GA_(3))and 200 mmol/L salicylic acid(SA),respectively.Samples were taken at 24,48 and 72 hours after treatment to determine the contents of reduced glutathione(GSH),ascorbic acid(AsA),malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble protein,soluble sugar and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))in the leaves of the seedlings,as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),ascorbate peroxidase(APX)and catalase(CAT).The results showed that ABA,MeJA,GA_(3)and SA treatments could all extremely significantly increase the H_(2)O_(2)content and APX activity in the leaves of Jerusalem artichoke seedlings within 72 h,extremely significantly decreasing the soluble sugar content and GSH content,and significantly increasing the soluble protein content(except for ABA treatment for 24 h).In addition,the SOD activity in Jerusalem artichoke leaves increased significantly than that of CK(leaves not treated with hormones)after ABA treatment and the content of AsA was extremely significantly lower than that of CK after MeJA treatment.Under GA_(3)treatment,the activity of SOD was extremely significantly lower than that of CK,and under SA treatment,the content of MDA was extremely significantly higher than that of CK,and the activity of SOD was significantly lower than that of CK.The results laid a theoretical foundation for the subsequent breeding of drought resistant varities of Jerusalem artichoke and the expansion of Jerusalem artichoke planting areas.