城市化提升服务业效率了吗?

Has Urbanization Improved the Efficiency of the Service Industry?

伴随城市化进程推进,服务业成为国民经济中的发展动力。选择2005-2021年服务业行业面板数据,测度服务业效率的基础上,选择分位数回归模型检验城市化不同进程对服务业效率的影响。研究发现:随着城市化进程的持续演变,对传统服务业综合技术效率的边际贡献由正—负—正,且变大,对纯技术效率的边际贡献始终为正,且变小,对规模效率的边际贡献由正转负,且越来越小;对现代服务业综合技术效率的边际贡献由负—正—负,且越来越大,对纯技术效率的边际贡献始终为负,且变大,对规模效率的边际贡献由正转负,且变小。从区域层面看,城市化在不同分位点对东部和中西部地区服务业效率的影响方向和大小存在显著差异。最后,从完善城乡人口流动机制、服务业市场化和社会化提出相关建议。

Along with the advancement of urbanization,the service industry has become the driving force of development in the national economy.Based on the panel data of service industry from 2005 to 2021,which measures the efficiency of service industry,a quantile regression model is chosen to test the impact of different processes of urbanization on the efficiency of service industry.It is found:with the continuous evolution of the urbanization process,the marginal contribution to the comprehensive technical efficiency of the traditional service industry is from positive-negative-positive and becomes larger,the marginal contribution to the pure technical efficiency is always positive and becomes smaller,and the marginal contribution to the scale efficiency turns from positive to negative and becomes smaller and smaller;the marginal contribution to the comprehensive technical efficiency of the modern service industry is from negative-positive-negative and getting larger,the marginal contribution to pure technical efficiency is always negative and getting larger,and the marginal contribution to scale efficiency is turning from positive to negative and getting smaller.At the regional level,there are significant differences in the direction and magnitude of the impact of urbanization on the efficiency of the service industry in the eastern and central and western regions at different quartiles.Finally,relevant suggestions are put forward in terms of improving the mechanism of urban-rural population mobility,marketization and socialization of the service industry.