西瓜果皮厚度的遗传模型及遗传方式分析

Genetic model and gentic mode analysis of watermelon rind thickness

果皮厚度是西瓜[Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Mansf.]重要农艺性状之一,影响西瓜贮运性。以厚果皮西瓜自交系“1061”和薄果皮西瓜自交系“812”配置F1和F2代群体,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,分析杂交、自交后对西瓜果皮厚度的影响。结果表明:2个亲本果皮厚度存在显著差异,F2代群体果皮厚度性状符合正态分布规律,为数量性状。群体分析表明,西瓜果皮厚度最优遗传模型为B-3(2MG-A),即主基因-加性效应模型,主基因加性效应da值在2022年和2023年分别为0.329 2和0.194 4,加性效应为正向。主基因遗传率在两年分别高达99.370 4%和98.227 9%。西瓜果皮厚度以主基因遗传为主。

Rind thickness is one of the important agronomic traits of watermelon[Citrullus lanatus(Thunb.)Mansf.],which affects the storability of watermelon.The thick-peeled material"1061"was used as the female parent and was crossed with the thin-peeled material"812"as the male parent to obtain an F1 generation population,and the F1 generation population was selfed to obtain an F2 generation population.The thickness of watermelon rind was analyzed by using the hybrid genetic model of main gene+multiple genes.The results showed that there were significant differences in rind thickness among the selected parental materials,and the rind thickness trait in the F2 generation population conformed to the normal distribution law and was a quantitative trait.The population analysis method showed that the optimal genetic model of watermelon rind thickness was B-3(2MG-A),i.e.,the main gene-additive effect model,and the main gene additive effect da value was 0.3292 and 0.1944 in 2022 and 2023,respectively,and the additive effect was positive.The heritability of the main gene was as high as 99.3704%and 98.2279%in 2022 and 2023,respectively.Watermelon rind thickness was do-minated by main gene genetic.