照顾者训练计划的干预对结肠癌术后化疗患者化疗期间的衰弱的影响分析

Analysis of the impact of caregiver training program intervention on frailty in colon cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy

目的探讨照顾者训练计划的干预对结肠癌术后化疗患者化疗期间的衰弱的影响。方法本研究纳入2021年3月至2022年4月在我院接受术后化疗的104例结肠癌患者作为照顾者训练计划干预成效的研究对象,收集其临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据术后化疗期间所接受干预的不同,将其分为对照组和观察组,对照组实施常规结肠癌化疗护理及衰弱防治管理,观察组在对照组干预内容的基础上增加照顾者训练计划的干预,每组各纳入符合研究要求的患者52例。干预期从首次化疗开始至化疗总疗程结束,共6个月。在首次化疗开始前(干预前)、化疗总疗程结束后(干预后)通过Fried衰弱表型量表和衰弱综合评估工具(包含身体衰弱、心理衰弱、社会衰弱、环境衰弱维度)评估患者的衰弱状态并分别比较干预前后的衰弱评分。结果关于Fried衰弱表型量表:干预前,两组患者评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者评分低于对照组患者,对照组患者评分较干预前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者在干预前后的评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。关于衰弱综合评估工具:干预前,两组患者各维度评分及总分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者各维度评分及总分低于对照组患者,对照组患者各维度评分及总分较干预前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者在干预后的身体衰弱维度评分较干预前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预前后的其他维度评分及总分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于结肠癌术后化疗患者而言,在实施常规结肠癌化疗护理及衰弱防治管理的基础上增加照顾者训练计划的干预有助于延缓患者化疗期间的衰弱加重。

Objectives To explore the impact of caregiver training program intervention on frailty in colon cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 104 colon cancer patients who received postoperative chemotherapy in our hospital from March 2021 to April 2022.These patients were recruited to investigate the effectiveness of the caregiver training program intervention.Based on the interventions received during postoperative chemotherapy,they were divided into a control group and an observation group.The control group received conventional chemotherapy nursing and standard frailty prevention and management for colon cancer patients.The observation group received additional caregiver training program intervention.Each group included 52 patients who met the research requirements.The intervention period lasted for 6 months,from the beginning of the first chemotherapy session to the end of the total chemotherapy course.The frailty status of the patients was assessed using the Fried frailty phenotype scale and the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument(including physical frailty,psychological frailty,social frailty,and environmental frailty dimensions)before the first chemotherapy session(pre-intervention)and after the total chemotherapy course(post-intervention).The frailty scores before and after the intervention were compared.Results For the Fried frailty phenotype scale:before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the observation group had significantly lower scores than the control group,while the control group had significantly higher scores than before the intervention(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in scores before and after the intervention in the observation group(P>0.05).For the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument:before the intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in scores for each dimension and the total score between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the observation group had significantly lower scores for each dimension and the total score compared to the control group(P<0.05).The control group had significantly higher scores for each dimension and the total score compared to before the intervention(P<0.05).In the observation group,the score for the physical frailty dimension after the intervention was significantly higher than before the intervention(P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in scores for the other dimensions and the total score before and after the intervention(P>0.05).Conclusion For colon cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy,adding caregiver training program intervention to conventional chemotherapy nursing and standard frailty prevention and management for colon cancer patients could help delay the worsening of frailty during chemotherapy.