2010—2023年吉林省水痘-带状疱疹病毒流行株基因特征分析

Genetic characterization of varicella-zoster virus in Jilin province from 2010 to 2023

目的分析2010—2023年吉林省水痘-带状疱疹病毒(Varicella-zoster virus,VZV)流行株基因型特征。方法收集吉林省2010—2023年VZV散发病例样本78份,选取经荧光定量PCR(Realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR,Real-Time PCR)检测后CT<25阳性标本26份,采用聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增开放阅读框(Open reading framme,ORF)ORF22、ORF38及ORF62,扩增产物测序后根据ORF22的5个单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNPs)位点(37902,38019,38055,38081和38177)和ORF38的1个SNP位点(69424),进行基因分型,根据ORF38的1个位点(69349)及ORF62的3个位点(106262、107252、108111)确定是疫苗株或野毒株。通过序列比对构建系统进化树。结果26份样本序列与Dumas株相比,SNPs(37902,38055,38081和38177)四个分型位点发生突变,与pOka株相同,均属于clade2分支,与Dumas和Baike株相比,26份样本均为野毒株。JL2016-4株在38059位点苏氨酸变为天冬胺酰,JL2021-4株在37933位点精氨酸变为脯氨酸,37935位点天冬氨酸变为酪氨酸,38031位点碱基天冬氨酸变为酪氨酸。JL2023-1株在37933位点精氨酸变为亮氨酸。结论吉林省2010—2023年连续14年均存在VZV流行,主要流行株属于clade2分支,应加强VZV暴发监测,提高VZV疫苗接种的覆盖率。

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the genomic characteristics of Varicella-Zoster Virus(VZV)strains circulating in Jilin province from 2010 to 2023.MethodsVesicle fluid from 78 sporadic cases with VZV infection were collected in Jilin province from 2010 to 2023,after detecting by Real-time PCR,26 specimens(CT<25)were detected by PCR.Open reading frame 22(ORF22),ORF38 and ORF62 were amplified and analyzed.Genotyping was confirmed by SNPs ORF22(37902,38019,38055,38081 and 38177)and ORF38(69424).Vaccine strains were indentified from wild-type strains according to ORF38(69349)and ORF62(106262,107252,and 108111).Sequences were analyzed by homologous comparison and phylogenetic analysis.ResultsThe comparison with Dumas sequence revealed that SNPs(37902,38055,38081 and 38177)in ORF22 and ORF38(69424)have mutations similar to the pOka strain,which belong to clade 2.Compared to the Dumas and Baike strains,all 26 samples were wild-type strains.JL2016-4 strain changes from threonine to asparaginyl at position 38059,JL2021-4 strain changes from arginine to proline at position 37933,from aspartic acid to tyrosine at position 37935,and from aspartic acid at base 38031 to tyrosine.JL2023-1 strain changes from arginine to leucine at position 37933.ConclusionsVZV has been prevalent for 14 years in Jilin province.The main epidemic strains belong to the clade 2.We should strengthen the monitoring of VZV outbreaks and raise the coverage rate of VZV vaccination.