青海1株人呼吸道合胞病毒B亚型的全基因序列测定及其分子特征分析

Complete genome sequence and molecular characterization of a human respiratory syncytial virus subtype B strain isolated in Qinghai province

目的分析1株青海省人呼吸道合胞病毒(HRSV)全基因组的基因特征。方法收集2024年青海省流感监测哨点医院的发热并伴有严重呼吸道感染症状的标本共300份,通过实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法筛选出HRSVB阳性标本,对符合测序要求的阳性标本进行全基因组测序。在GenBank数据库下载HRSVB全球各基因型别代表株后进行序列比对、亲缘关系进化树构建和遗传距离的计算分析,分析HRSVB测序株序列核苷酸、氨基酸的同源性和氨基酸变异。结果青海首株China/qinghai/2024-03的全基因组序列为15140bp,具有HRSV的所有结构特征,与HRSVA亚型原型株Long株的核苷酸同源性最低为80.0%,与HRSVB亚型原型株核苷酸同源性94.7%,说明青海首株为HRSVB亚型;遗传进化显示China/qinghai/2024-03与USA/WA-S23450/2021(OR326803.1)及Germany/2021(OR795235.1)同属一个分支,提示亲缘关系最近,G基因遗传进化分析表明该毒株属于HRSVB亚型BA9基因型,相似性分析表明基因组的高变区域为SH和G基因。结论本研究首次获得HRSV China/qinghai/2024-03全基因组序列,并阐明了其基本的分子结构特征,填补了青海省HRSV病毒的基因及氨基酸数据空缺,也为HRSV流行病学提供了依据。

ObjectiveTo analyze the genetic characteristics of the complete genome of a strain of human respiratory syncytial virus(HRSV)in Qinghai province in 2024.MethodsA total of 300 samples were collected during 2024 influenza surveillance in Qinghai province sentinel hospitals from patients with fever accompanied by severe respiratory infection symptoms.We used real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)method to screen out HRSV subtype B(HRSVB)positive specimens,whole genome sequencing was performed on positivespecimens meeting the requirements for the sequencing.After downloading the global representative HRSVB genotypes at GenBank database,sequence alignment was performed,related evolutionary tree was built and the calculation and analyses of genetic distance were done,analyses of HRSVB sequencing of sequence homology of nucleotides,amino acids and amino acid mutation were performed.ResultsThe first strain in Qinghai,China/qinghai/2024-03 had a complete sequence of 15140 bp nucleotides,with HRSV′s all structural characteristics,and subtype HRSVA prototype strain Long strains of nucleotide the lowest homology was 80.0%,and subtype HRSVB prototype strain nucleotide homology was above 94.7%.The result indicated that the first strain in Qinghai belonged to HRSVB subtype.Genetic evolution shows China/qinghai/2024-03 and USA/WA-S23450/2021(OR326803.1)and Germany/2021(OR795235.1)all belong to a branch,they have the closest relationship.Phylogenetic analysis of G gene showed that the strain belonged to BA9 genotype of HRSVB subtype,and the hypervariable regions of the genome were SH and G genes.ConclusionsIn this study,the complete genome sequence of HRSV China/qinghai/2024-03 was obtained for the first time,and the basic molecular structural characteristics were elucidated,which filled the gaps in the gene and amino acid data of HRSV in our province,and also provided a basis for HRSV epidemiology.