放射性皮肤损伤的研究进展

Research progress in radiation-induced skin injury

放疗是恶性肿瘤的主要治疗方法之一,但其治疗的同时会导致正常组织出现放射损伤。放射性皮肤损伤(RISI)是放疗引起的主要不良反应之一,其主要临床表现为皮炎、溃疡、糜烂以及坏死等,严重影响肿瘤放疗患者的生活质量及治疗效果,甚至影响患者总生存期。RISI的病理机制尚不明确,研究表明,炎症反应及氧化应激是引起RISI的主要原因。RISI根据发病时间的不同可以分为急性RISI和慢性RISI,根据损伤的严重程度可以制订不同的治疗策略。本文对RISI的临床表现、分级、发生机制、预防及治疗等方面的研究进展进行了全面地总结。

Radiotherapy is one of the main treatment methods for malignant tumors,which can cause the radiation damage to normal tissues.Radiation-induced skin injury(RISI)is one of the main adverse reactions caused by radiotherapy.The main clinical manifestations of RISI are dermatitis,ulcer,erosion and necrosis,which seriously affect the quality of life and treatment effect of tumor radiotherapy patients,and even affect the overall survival of patients.The pathological mechanism of RISI is still unclear.Some studies have shown that inflammation and oxidative stress are the main causes of RISI.RISI can be divided into acute and chronic RISI according to the different onset time,and different treatment strategies can be formulated according to the severity of the injury.In this article,clinical manifestations,classification,pathogenesis,prevention and treatment of RISI are comprehensively summarized.