中国2023年疾病控制机构和接种单位疫苗储运冷链设备配置现况

Status of cold chain equipment for vaccine storage and transportation in disease control institutions and vaccination units,China,2023

目的评估中国疫苗储运冷链设备配置现况。方法利用国家免疫规划信息系统收集2023年中国各级疾病预防控制中心(Center for disease control and prevention,CDC)和接种单位配置的冷库、冰箱、冷藏车、疫苗运输车等冷链设备信息,描述性分析冷链设备每万人口数量/容积、机构平均数量/容积和设备平均容积。结果2023年中国各级CDC和接种单位共配置疫苗储运冷链设备269132台,每万人口数量为1.91台,每万人口容积为3.03 m^(3)。东部、中部、西部、东北地区冷链设备每万人口数量分别为1.47台、1.85台、2.68台、1.71台,每万人口容积分别为2.83 m^(3)、2.84 m^(3)、3.86 m^(3)、1.67 m^(3)。省级CDC、市级CDC、县级CDC、接种单位冷链设备的机构平均数量分别为9.56台、6.94台、5.73台、3.31台,机构平均容积分别为568.56 m^(3)、127.34 m^(3)、62.98 m^(3)、2.44 m^(3),设备平均容积分别为59.46 m^(3)、18.34 m^(3)、10.99 m^(3)、0.74 m^(3)。结论中国2023年各级CDC和接种单位疫苗储运冷链设备配置相对充足,不同地区配置相对均衡。

Objective To assess the status of cold chain equipment for vaccine storage and transportation in China.Methods We used the National Program Immunization Information System to collect data on cold chain equipment(cold rooms,refrigerators,refrigerated vehicles,and vehicles for vaccine transportation)in all levels of centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs)and vaccination units in 2023 and determined amounts and/or volumes of cold chain equipment per 10000 population,per institution,and per equipment.Results In 2023,a total of 269132 pieces of cold chain equipment for vaccine storage and transportation were configured in all levels of CDCs and vaccination units in China,for 1.91 pieces or 3.03 m^(3) per 10000 population.In eastern,central,western,and north-eastern regions,amounts of cold chain equipment per 10000 population were 1.47,1.85,2.68,and 1.71 pieces;and volumes per 10000 population were 2.83,2.84,3.86,and 1.67 m^(3),respectively.In provincial,prefectural,county-level CDCs,and vaccination units,amounts of cold chain equipment per institution were 9.56,6.94,5.73,and 3.31 pieces;volumes per institution were 568.56,127.34,62.98,and 2.44 m^(3);and volumes per equipment were 59.46,18.34,10.99,and 0.74 m^(3).Conclusions The cold chain equipment for vaccine storage and transportation was sufficient in all levels of CDCs and vaccination units in China in 2023,with configuration being relatively balanced in different regions.