广东省2022年成人疫苗接种门诊服务可及性和均衡性分析

Accessibility and equity of adult vaccination clinic services in Guangdong province in 2022

目的分析广东省成人疫苗接种门诊服务可及性和服务能力均衡性。方法收集广东省2022年各地市成人疫苗接种门诊信息,采用高斯两部移动搜索法计算可及性指数,采用基尼系数评估服务能力均衡性。结果广东省2022年共有成人疫苗接种门诊204家,平均每个地市9.7家,其中珠三角、粤北、粤东和粤西地区分别为127家(62.25%)、30家(14.71%)、27家(13.24%)、20家(9.80%)。在全省1669个乡镇/街道中,成人疫苗接种服务可及性指数低(0.01-1.24)、中(1.25-4.76)、高(4.77-17.90)分别占89.87%、8.99%、1.14%。服务能力总基尼系数为0.78,珠三角、粤北、粤东、粤西地区各地市基尼系数分别在0.54-0.91、0.82-0.90、0.69-0.81、0.80-0.89之间。结论广东省成人疫苗接种门诊相对不足,可及性和均衡性总体不高且存在明显地区差异。

Objective To analyze the accessibility and service capacity equity of adult vaccination clinics in Guangdong province.Methods We collected information on adult vaccination clinics from all prefectures of Guangdong in 2022 to calculate accessibility indexes using the Gaussian two-step moving search method and evaluated service capacity equity using Gini coefficients.Results There were 204 adult vaccination clinics in Guangdong in 2022 for an average of 9.7 clinics per prefecture,with 127(62.25%),30(14.71%),27(13.24%),and 20(9.80%)clinics in Pearl River Delta,northern,eastern,and western areas,respectively.Of the 1669 townships in Guangdong,89.87%,8.99%,and 1.14%of clinics had low(0.01-1.24),middle(1.25-4.76),and high(4.77-17.90)levels of accessibility indexes for adult vaccination services.The overall Gini coefficient of service capacity equity was 0.78,with coefficients of 0.54-0.91,0.82-0.90,0.69-0.81,and 0.80-0.89 in Pearl River Delta,northern,eastern,and western areas.Conclusion The adult vaccination clinics in Guangdong are insufficient,with low accessibility and service capacity equity showing significant regional differences.