行为生活方式干预在情绪障碍防治中的应用

Application of behavioral lifestyle intervention in prevention and treatment of emotional disorders

"行为决定健康"是行为医学的理论和实践基础, 不良的行为生活方式不仅是许多非感染性疾病发病和死亡的重要危险因素, 也是影响情绪障碍复发和预后的重要影响因素。近年来越来越多的meta分析证实了行为生活方式改变对于抑郁等心境障碍具有治疗和预防作用, 为此国内外部分权威治疗指南已经更新修订, 将行为生活方式改变作为治疗的一线推荐, 并列举了具体方式。虽然针对焦虑障碍和双相障碍的循证证据目前相对较少, 但也有设计和质量良好的研究证实了行为生活方式改变在稳定心境和减轻焦虑症状等方面也有肯定的作用, 如作息规律、保证夜间充足睡眠和运动可作为常规处理措施之一。

"Behavior determines health"is the theoretical and practical basis of behavioral medicine.Maladpative lifestyle is not only an important risk factor for many non-communicable diseases,but also an important influencing factor for recurrence and prognosis of emotional disorders.More and more meta-analyses have confirmed the role of behavioral lifestyle in the treatment and prevention of emotional disorders such as depression.Some authoritative treatment guidelines now recommend lifestyle changes as one of the firstline treatment recommendations and given some specific modalities in detail.There is relatively less evidence for treatment of anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder,but there are several well-designed and high-quality studies that confirm the therapeutic and preventive role of lifestyles,particularly circadian rhythms,life regurality and exercises,as part of routine management measures for maintaining stable mood and alleviating anxiety symptoms.