2008—2022年北京市通州区非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件流行特征分析

Prevalence characteristics of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning events in Tongzhou District,Beijing from 2008 to 2022

目的了解2008—2022年北京市通州区非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件分布及变化趋势,为开展针对性的防控措施提供依据。方法通过“突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统”收集2008—2022年通州区非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件监测数据,分析中毒事件和病例的时间、地区和场所等流行特征,利用集中度、圆形分布法及雷氏检验分析发病集中趋势,采用趋势χ^(2)检验对其变化趋势进行分析。结果2008—2022年通州区报告事件822起,均为未分级事件,暴露人数1291人,发病1143例,死亡22例;年平均发病率为6.79/10万,历年发病率整体呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=901.714,P<0.001);病例季节分布有集中趋势(Z=600.73,P<0.001),高发期为11月至次年3月;周边乡镇和家庭是中毒发生的主要地点。结论通州区非职业性一氧化碳中毒病例15年来整体呈降低趋势,主要发生在冬春季节,周边乡镇和家庭为主要发生地点,应采取综合防控措施提前预防,降低中毒发生的风险和危害。

Objective To investigate the distribution and change trend of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning events in Tongzhou District,Beijing from 2008 to 2022,and provide basis for targeted prevention and control measures.Methods The monitoring data of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning events were collected through the"Public Health Emergency Reporting Management Information System"in Tongzhou district from 2008 to 2022,and the prevalence characteristics of poisoning events and cases were analyzed by time,region and place.The concentration trend of incidence was analyzed by the method of concentration,circular distribution and Rayleigh's test,and the change trend was analyzed by treadχ^(2) test.Results From 2008 to 2022,a total of 822 non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning events were reported in Tongzhou District,all of which were unclassified events.The number of people exposed was 1291,with 1143 cases and 22 deaths.The average annual incidence rate was 6.79/100000,and the incidence rate over the years showed an overall downward trend(χ^(2)_( trend)=901.714,P<0.001).The seasonal distribution of cases showed a concentrated trend(Z=600.73,P<0.01),and the peak period was from November to March of the following year.The surrounding towns and families were the main places where poisoning occurs.Conclusion The cases of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning in Tongzhou District show a decreasing trend during the past 15 years,mainly occurring in winter and spring,and the surrounding towns and families are the main places of occurrence.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the risk and harm of poisoning in advance.