2016—2022年吉林省TB/HIV双重感染筛查及治疗情况分析

Screening and treatment of TB/HIV co-infection in Jilin Province from 2016 to 2022

目的了解吉林省2016—2022年结核病/艾滋病病毒(TB/HIV)双重感染筛查及治疗情况,为进一步加强双感防控工作提供依据。方法采用描述性统计方法分析2016—2022年吉林省TB/HIV双重感染防治管理工作年度报表。结果2016—2022年吉林省共新检出HIV/AIDS患者9107例,接受结核病筛查8099例(88.93%),诊断TB/HIV双重感染患者108例,双感患者检出率为1.33%。既往可随访的HIV/AIDS患者累计49667例,接受结核病筛查41472例(83.50%),诊断TB/HIV双重感染患者101例,双感患者检出率为0.20%。新登记结核病患者70474例,接受HIV抗体检测27045例(38.38%),累计检测阳性29例,阳性检出率为0.11%。新检出HIV/AIDS患者中结核病检出率(1.33%)高于既往可随访的HIV/AIDS患者中结核病检出率(0.20%)和结核病患者中HIV阳性检出率(0.11%),两两比较差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=315.79,P<0.01)。2016—2022年吉林省共检出238例TB/HIV双感患者,同时抗病毒和抗结核治疗、单纯抗结核治疗、单纯抗病毒治疗的治疗率分别为63.45%、5.46%和17.23%。结论双向筛查策略能有效促进TB/HIV双重感染的早期发现。在今后的双感防控工作中,应强化部门合作,加大筛查力度,提高双感的发现率,同时要关注重点人群的健康宣传,动员艾滋病患者中结核菌潜伏感染者预防性服药,从而降低发病风险,控制TB/HIV双重感染疫情。

Objective To understand the screening and treatment information of tubercle bacilli(TB)/human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)co-infection in Jilin from 2016 to 2022,to provide a reference for further improving the control and prevention of TB/HIV co-infection.Methods The descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the annual reports of TB/HIV co-infection prevention and treatment management in Jilin from 2016 to 2022.Results During the period,a total of 9107 new cases of HIV/AIDS were detected,among whom 8099(88.93%)were screened for tuberculosis,and 108 were diagnosed with TB/HIV co-infection,with a co-infection rate of 1.33%(108/9107).Among the 49667 cases of HIV/AIDS who had been followed up,41472(83.50%)were screened for tuberculosis,and 101 were diagnosed with TB/HIV co-infection,with a co-infection rate of 0.20%.Of the 70474 newly registered cases of tuberculosis,27045(38.38%)were tested for HIV antibody,and 29 were tested positive,with a positive rate of 0.11%.The tuberculosis detection rate(1.33%)in newly diagnosed cases of HIV/AIDS was higher than that(0.20%)in available follow-up cases of HIV/AIDS.and they also had higher HIV positive detection rate than available follow-up cases of tuberculosis(χ^(2)=315.79,P<0.01).A total of 238 cases were detected with co-infection of TB/HIV,and the rates of receiving anti-retroviral and anti-tuberculosis treatment,anti-tuberculosis treatment,anti-retroviral treatment were 63.45%,5.46%and 17.23%,respectively.Conclusion The screening for both TB and HIV infections can effectively promote the early detection of TB/HIV co-infection.Recommendations for future control and prevention of TB/HIV co-infection are as follows:strengthening inter-department cooperations and the screening for TB and HIV infections to improve the detection rate of TB/HIV co-infection;giving priority to the publicity of relevant control and prevention measures in focus groups;mobilizing those living with HIV/AIDS with latent TB infection to receive tuberculosis preventive therapy to reduce the risk of tuberculosis and improve the control of TB/HIV co-infection.