“双碳”目标下FDI对绿色技术创新能力的影响及作用机制探析

Analysis of the Impact and Mechanism of FDI on Green Technology Innovation Capability

在实现碳达峰和碳中和目标下,如何通过提高绿色技术创新能力发挥外商直接投资(FDI)对中国经济绿色发展的作用至关重要。基于2005—2023年中国31个省级行政区面板数据(港澳台除外),采用双向固定效应模型、中介效应模型及调节效应模型,实证分析FDI对中国绿色技术创新能力的影响效应及作用机制。研究发现:FDI对中国绿色技术创新能力具有显著的促进作用,且在沿海地区促进作用更加明显;FDI通过研发投入这一中介机制提高当地绿色技术创新能力;交通运输水平在FDI与绿色技术创新能力之间能够发挥正向调节作用。因此,地方政府应合理引导外资流向并加大研发投入,构建绿色技术创新区域协同体系,因地制宜制定招商选资策略,加强交通运输体系建设,进而推动FDI与绿色技术创新能力协调发展。

It is crucial to leverage the role of foreign direct investment(FDI)in promoting green development of the Chinese economy by enhancing green technology innovation capabilities,in order to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.Based on panel data from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2005 to 2023,this study empirically analyzes the impact and mechanism of FDI on China's green technology innovation capability using a two-way fixed effects model,mediation effect model,and moderation effect model.Research has found that FDI has a significant promoting effect on China's green technology innovation capability,and the promoting effect is more pronounced in coastal areas;FDI enhances local green technology innovation capabilities through the intermediary mechanism of R&D investment,and the level of transportation can play a positive moderating role between FDI and green technology innovation capabilities.Therefore,local governments should reasonably guide the flow of foreign investment and increase research and development investment,build a regional collaborative system for green technology innovation,formulate investment promotion and selection strategies tailored to local conditions,strengthen the construction of transportation systems,and promote the coordinated development of FDI and green technology innovation capabilities.