儿童多重病原感染呼吸道疾病临床特征及其危险因素分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of respiratory diseases and their risk factors

目的分析住院患儿多重病原感染的呼吸道疾病临床特征及其危险因素。方法回顾性分析2023年3月-2024年2月本院儿科住院部收治的患儿,分析不同呼吸道病原体感染的临床特征及体征,对比发生多重病原感染患儿与未发生患儿的危险因素,并采用Logistic分析危险因素。结果有咳嗽症状的患儿MP检出率高于无咳嗽症状患儿(P<0.05);有喘息症状的患儿细菌检出率低于无喘息症状患儿(P<0.05);有湿啰音体征患儿MP检出率高于无湿啰音体征患儿(P<0.05);WBC>10×10^(9)/L的患儿MP检出率低于WBC≤10×10^(9)/L的患儿(P<0.05);CRP>10mg/L的患儿病毒检出率高于CRP≤10mg/L的患儿(P<0.05);LDH>245U/L的患儿MP检出率高于LDH≤245U/L的患儿(P<0.05)。发生多重病原感染患儿肝功能不全及低氧血症比例高于未发生组(P<0.05);发生组与未发生组性别、早产儿以及呼吸道感染家族史对比,无明显差异(P>0.05)。经Logistic回归分析可见,患儿低氧血症、肝功能不全是多重病原呼吸道感染患儿的主要危险因素。结论儿童多重病原感染呼吸道疾病的患儿临床症状以咳嗽、湿啰音为主,危险因素主要以低氧血症及肝功能不全为主,临床治疗中可针对危险因素尽早评估。

Objective To clinical characteristics of respiratory diseases and their risk factors in hospitalized children.Methods For children admitted to the inpatient department from March 2023 to February 2024,the clinical characteristics and signs of different respiratory pathogen infections were analyzed,and the risk factors of children with multiple pathogenic infections and the children were compared,and Logistic was used to analyze the risk factors.Results The detection rate of MP in children with cough symptoms was higher than that in children without cough symptoms(P<0.05);the detection rate of bacteria in children with wheezing symptoms was lower than that in children without wheezing symptoms(P<0.05);the MP detection rate of children with wet rale signs was higher than those without wet rale signs(P<0.05);the MP detection rate of children with WBC>10×10^(9)/L was lower than those with WBC≤10×10^(9)/L(P<0.05);virus detection rate was higher in children with CRP>10 mg/L than those with CRP≤10 mg/L(P<0.05);the MP detection rate was higher in children with LDH>245 U/L than in those with LDH≤245U/L(P<0.05).The proportion of liver insufficiency and hypoxemia in children with multiple pathogenic infections was higher than that in the untreated group(P<0.05);there was no difference between sex,family history of preterm infants and respiratory infection(P>0.05).According to the logistic regression analysis,hypoxemia and liver insufficiency were the main risk factors for children with multiple pathogenic respiratory tract infections.Conclusion The clinical symptoms of children with multiple pathogens are mainly cough and wet rales,and the risk factors are mainly hypoxemia and liver insufficiency.The risk factors can be assessed as early as possible in clinical treatment.