西门塔尔牛太行类群生长发育性状的遗传参数估计

Genetic Parameter Estimation of Growth and Development Traits of Simmental Cattle Taihang Group

该研究通过对山西和顺地区1129头西门塔尔牛太行类群核心群母牛各生长发育阶段的体重、体尺指标的遗传参数进行估计,运用Asreml软件中的REML算法配合动物模型,以场、年效应作为固定效应,个体效应作为随机效应,估计各性状的遗传力、遗传相关和表型相关。结果表明:西门塔尔牛太行类群6月龄体重、周岁体重、18月龄体重、24月龄体重、体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围、腹围和管围的遗传力分别为0.13、0.32、0.28、0.27、0.33、0.23、0.39、0.57、0.52、0.17,其中胸围和腹围属于高遗传力性状,周岁体重、18月龄体重、24月龄体重、体高、十字部高和体斜长属于中等遗传力性状。进一步的分析表明,各性状间的遗传相关(γ_(a))为0.19~0.99,表型相关(γ_(p))为0.10~0.88,均呈强的正相关。可见,西门塔尔牛太行类群的整齐度较高,体型外貌较为一致,各阶段体重和成年母牛体尺性状均属于中高遗传力性状。

The purpose of this experiment was to estimate the genetic parameters of body weight and body size indexes of 1129 Simmental cows in Taihang core group at different growth and development stages in Heshun area of Shanxi Province.The REML algorithm in Asreml software was used to estimate the heritability,genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation of each trait with animal model,field and year effects as fixed effects and individual effects as random effects.The results showed that the heritability of 6-month-old body weight,1-year-old body weight,18-month-old body weight,24-month-old body weight,body height,cross height,body length,chest circumference,abdominal circumference and cannon circumference were 0.13,0.32,0.28,0.27,0.33,0.23,0.39,0.57,0.52 and 0.17,respectively.The chest circumference and abdominal circumference were high heritability traits.The body weight of one year old,18 months old,24 months old,body height,cross height and body oblique length belong to medium heritability traits.Further analysis showed that the genetic correlation(γ_(a))between the traits was 0.19~0.99,and the phenotypic correlation(γ_(p))was 0.10~0.88,showing a strong positive correlation.It can be seen that the Taihang group of Simmental cattle has high uniformity and consistent body appearance.The body weight and body size traits of adult cows in each stage belong to medium and high heritability traits.