干细胞技术在肉牛育种中的研究进展及应用前景

Research Progress and Application Prospect of Stem Cells in Beef Breeding

牛肉作为主要优质肉类蛋白来源之一,其市场需求正随着人口增长而增加。通过传统育种方法培育良种牛无法满足这种日益增长的需要,利用现代生物技术进行肉牛育种势在必行。近年来,随着干细胞研究的深入,在育种上的应用也取得一些进展。该文较系统综述了胚胎干细胞、诱导多能干细胞及精原干细胞在肉牛遗传育种中的研究进展,并对其在提高繁殖效率和育种进程、地方品种资源保护及定向育种等方面的应用前景进行了分析,以期为畜牧业进一步发展奠定坚实基础。

Beef,as one of the main sources of high-quality meat protein,is experiencing increasing market demand due to population growth.Traditional breeding methods for cultivating superior cattle cannot meet this growing need,making the use of modern biotechnologies in beef breeding imperative.In recent years,with the deepening of stem cell research,progress has been made in its application in breeding.This article systematically reviews the research advancements in embryonic stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells,and spermatogonial stem cells in the genetic breeding of beef cattle,and analyzes their application prospects in improving reproductive efficiency and breeding processes,conserving local breed resources,and directed breeding.