2019—2023年会昌县某三级医院消化内科住院患者疾病构成特征分析

Analysis of inpatient disease composition characteristics in the gastroenterology department of a tertiary hospital in Huichang county (2019—2023)

目的分析会昌县某三级医院2019—2023年消化内科住院患者疾病构成特征,为本区消化系统疾病防治与诊疗提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究法,从会昌县人民医院病案管理信息系统调取收集2019年1月1日—2023年12月31日消化内科住院患者的病案信息,对病种、性别、年龄、住院时间、病床使用率进行分析。结果共收集消化内科出院人数3754人,其中2019年734人(占19.55%),2020年749人(占19.95%),2021年823人(占21.92%),2022年665人(占17.71%),2023年783人(占20.86%)。2019—2023年消化内科住院病例前3位分别为胃炎和十二指肠炎(占21.63%)、肝纤维化和肝硬变(占14.81%)、消化系统的其他疾病(占9.80%)。胃炎和十二指肠炎、消化系统的其他疾病在2019—2023年间发病率呈总体下降趋势(J-T=7.249,2.195,均P<0.05);肝纤维化和肝硬变、胃和十二指肠的其他疾病、部位未特指的消化性溃疡在2019—2023年间发病率呈总体上升趋势(J-T=-3.863,-5.916,-4.394,均P<0.05)。总体男性患者占比更高(2135人,占56.87%),男性与女性消化系统疾病排序顺位前3的病种一致,均为胃炎和十二指肠炎、肝纤维化和肝硬变、消化系统的其他疾病。≥60岁的老年患者居多(2133人,占56.82%),不同年龄段患者均以胃炎和十二指肠炎为发病率最高,但≥60岁患者还显示肝纤维化和肝硬变发病率较高(占17.53%)。2019—2023年消化内科住院患者的住院时间呈下降趋势(J-T=18.453,P<0.001);病床使用率在2019—2023年呈增高趋势(J-T=35.271,P<0.001)。结论会昌县某三级医院2019—2023年消化内科住院患者以胃炎和十二指肠炎、肝纤维化和肝硬变、消化系统的其他疾病为主,部分疾病发病率存在变化;男性居多,老年患者居多,患者总体住院时间呈下降趋势。医院可根据疾病构成特征进行针对性宣教、防治,合理配置医疗资源,加强消化系统疾病防控管理,减轻医疗负担。

Objective To analyze the disease compositions of the gastroenterology inpatients from 2019 to 2023 at a tertiary hospital in Huichang County to provide insights for digestive disease prevention and treatment.Methods A retrospective review was conducted on the records of hospitalized patients in the Department of Gastroenterology from January 1,2019,to December 31,2023,using the medical records management information system of Huichang County People’s Hospital.This analysis included disease type,gender,age,length of stay,and bed utilization.Results A total of 3,754 patients were discharged from the Department of Gastroenterology,including 734(19.55%)in 2019,749(19.95%)in 2020,823(21.92%)in 2021,665(17.71%)in 2022,and 783(20.86%)in 2023.The top three diseases diagnosed from 2019 to 2023 were gastritis and duodenitis(21.63%),liver fibrosis and cirrhosis(14.81%),and other digestive system diseases(9.80%).The incidence of gastritis and duodenitis,other digestive diseases declined from 2019 to 2023(J-T value=7.249,2.195,all P<0.05),while liver fibrosis and cirrhosis,other stomach and duodenum diseases,and peptic ulcers not specified in specific locations showed an overall increasing trend from 2019 to 2023(J-T value=-3.863,-5.916,-4.394,all P<0.05).Overall,male patients accounted for a higher proportion(2135,56.87%),and the top three digestive diseases in male and female were consistent,including gastritis and duodenitis,liver fibrosis and cirrhosis,and other digestive diseases.Elderly patients≥60 years were the major proportion(2133,56.82%).Gastritis and duodenitis were the most common diseases in patients of different ages,but patients≥60 years old also showed a higher incidence of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis(17.53%).From 2019 to 2023,the hospitalization length of patients from the Department of gastroenterology decreased(J-T trend value=18.453,P<0.001).The utilization rate of bed increased from 2019 to 2023(J-T trend value=35.271,P<0.001).Conclusion From 2019 to 2023,the majority of gastroenterology inpatients in a tertiary hospital in Huichang County were diagnosed with gastritis and duodenitis,liver fibrosis and cirrhosis,and other digestive diseases,with some diseases showing changes in incidence rates.In terms of sex,male patients were predominant and in terms of age,were elderly patients,with an overall downward trend in hospital stay duration.The hospital can conduct targeted education and prevention based on the characteristics of disease composition,allocate medical resources rationally,strengthen the prevention and control management of digestive system diseases,and reduce the medical burden.