电动汽车换电模式潜在技术风险浅析

The analysis of potential technical risks in the mode of electric vehicle battery swapping

本文从技术角度分析换电模式对电池管理系统带来的潜在风险。每个动力电池在不同使用环境中进行充/放电循环后,都具有独特的生热特性和充/放电外特性。这些特性的特征量都是过程量,只有通过分析电池完整的历史特征量,才能对电池进行精准的动态热管理和电量均衡管理。经常采用换电方式进行补能会导致电池管理系统难以长时间在理想状态下对电池包进行热管理和电量均衡管理,进而影响电池的使用寿命、性能输出和安全性能。此外,随着集成式热管理系统在电动汽车上的进一步普及,新/旧电池的环境温度差异会进一步影响电池的使用寿命、性能输出和安全性能。通过本文的分析,可以为新能源汽车补能方式的开发方向和研究方向提供参考。

This article analyzes the potential risks of the battery swapping mode on the battery management system from a technical perspective.Each power battery has its unique heat generation characteristics and charge/discharge external characteristics.These characteristic quantities are process variables,and only by analyzing the complete historical characteristic quantities of the battery can precise dynamic thermal management and energy balance management be carried out.Frequent use of battery swapping for energy replenishment can make it difficult for the battery management system to perform long-term ideal thermal management and energy balance management on the battery pack,thereby affecting the battery's service life,performance output,and safety.In addition,with the further popularization of integrated thermal management systems in electric vehicles,the temperature differences between new and old batteries will further affect the battery's service life,performance output,and safety.Through the analysis,valuable references can be provided for the development and research directions of new energy vehicle refilling energy methods.