基于互动达标理论的护理训练方案对老年骨质疏松患者平衡能力及跌倒恐惧的影响

Effect of Training Programs Based on the Theory of Interactive Standard on Balance Ability and Fear of Falling in Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis

目的探讨基于互动达标理论的护理训练方案对老年骨质疏松患者平衡能力及跌倒恐惧的影响。方法选取2023年1月1日至12月31日河南省中医院骨科2个病区收治的老年骨质疏松患者76例,按照患者入住的病区分成两组,骨病一科收治的38例患者为对照组,骨科二科收治的38例患者为研究组;对照组接受常规的训练方案,研究组接受基于互动达标理论的训练方案;分别于患者入院及出院时采用Berg平衡量表(BBS)、起立-行走计时测试(TUGT)及中文国际版跌倒效能量表(FES-I)对两组患者的平衡能力、移动能力及跌倒恐惧情况进行测评。结果训练前,两组老年骨质疏松患者的BBS得分、TUGT得分及FES-I得分差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05);训练后,两组患者的BBS得分高于训练前,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05),TUGT得分及FES-I得分低于训练前,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于互动达标理论的护理训练方案能提高老年骨质疏松患者的平衡能力和移动能力,缓解其跌倒恐惧心理。

Objective To explore the effect of a training program based on the theory of interactive standard on balance ability and fear of falling in elderly patients with osteoporosis.Methods A total of 76 elderly osteoporosis patients admitted to 4 orthopedic wards of Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1 to December 31,2023 were selected and divided into two groups according to the ward where the patients were admitted.Thirty-eight patients admitted to orthopedic ward 1 were selected as the control group,while 38 patients admitted to orthopedic ward 2 were selected as the study group.The control group was given a routine training program,while the research group implemented a training program based on the theory of interactive standard.The Berg balance scale(BBS),timed up and go test(TUGT),and Chinese falls efficacy scale-international(FES-I)were used to evaluate the balance,mobility,and fall fear of the two groups of patients at admission and discharge.Results Before training,there was no statistically significant difference in BBS score,TUGT score,and FES-I score between the two groups of patients(P<0.05).After training,the BBS scores of the two groups of patients were higher than before training,and the study group had higher scores than the control group(P<0.05),TUGT scores and FES-I scores were lower than before training,and the study group had lower scores than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion A training program based on the theory of interactive standard can improve the balance and mobility abilities of elderly osteoporosis patients,and alleviate their fear of falling.