星载测向系统的测向误差及其定位误差计算方法

A Calculation Method of Direction-finding Errors and Localization Errors by A Single Satellite

针对星载测向系统可通过单次测向实现对地面/海面辐射源瞬时定位的特点,基于星载测向系统的定位模型,推导任意二维阵型的相位干涉仪测向误差表达式。分别从方位角与俯仰角以及空间夹角详细推导了单星测向定位误差公式,并结合球面约束推导单星直接定位的误差表达式。数值仿真表明,基于测向角度的定位误差计算方法结果逼近理论误差值,从而可基于任意二维测向阵型,快速评估卫星观测区域内的测向误差及其定位误差,而单星直接定位相较于测向定位,定位误差显著降低。

Based on the fact that the location of surface or sea radioactive sources can be realized instantaneously through one direction finding by a single satellite,this paper presents a positioning model based on the spaceborne direction-finding system.The error expression of phase interferometer direction-finding for two-dimensional arbitrary arrays is derived,and the computing methods of direction-finding localization error by a single satellite from azimuth-pitch and spatial angle are developed.The results of this method are close to the theoretical error value through numerical simulation.Thus,based on arbitrary two-dimensional arrays,the errors of direction-finding and localization in the observation area of the satellite can be quickly evaluated.Compared to direction-finding positioning,direct position determination(DPD)significantly reduces the localization error.