废弃矿山高陡边坡生态修复治理技术研究与实践

Research and Practice on Ecological Restoration and Treatment Technology of High and Steep Slope in an Abandoned Mine

随着矿山开采进程的深入,因矿山地质生态环境破坏引发的地质灾害和安全隐患已成为制约部分地区发展的瓶颈。为修复矿山地质地貌、消除矿山地质安全隐患、提高废弃矿山绿植覆盖率,以某典型废弃露天矿山为例,针对该矿山存在的高陡边坡、废渣堆积、地貌破坏等地质环境问题,基于“防治结合”的原则,提出了“坡面削(清)方+挡土墙+排水沟+封边墙+场地平整+客土喷播绿化+覆土绿化”的生态环境保护与修复治理技术,介绍了该技术施工工艺和质量控制措施。项目实施后,不仅有效消除了地质灾害隐患,改善了矿区地貌景观及周边生产生活环境,更为矿山生态环境修复治理探索了一条新路径。

Geological disasters caused by mine geological and ecological environment problems have always been the bottleneck restricting the development of some areas.In order to repair the geological landform and reduce soil erosion,effectively eliminate geological safety hazards of abandoned mines and improve the green plant coverage of abandoned mines,an abandoned open-pit mine in Yangxin County,Hubei Province was taken as a reference case.This article analyzes the ecological and geological environment issues of the abandoned mine.Using the technology of ecological protection and restoration,the high and steep slope of the mine was treated by the comprehensive treatment strategy of'slope clearing+retaining wall+drainage ditch+edge sealing wall+site leveling+guest soil spray seeding greening+soil covering greening'.The geological environment and ecological environment were restored,and the artificial greening landscape coordinated with the surrounding natural environment was formed,which achieved the purpose of ecological restoration and management.This research and engineering practice not only achieved the goals of ecological environment protection and vegetation restoration,but also explored a new path in the field of mining ecological environment restoration and governance,providing valuable experience for similar mining vegetation restoration.