缺血性脑卒中患者自我管理行为与健康行为阶段的相关性及影响因素分析

Correlation and influencing factors between self-management behavior and health behavior stage in patients with ischemic stroke(IS)

目的探讨缺血性脑卒中(IS)患者自我管理行为与健康行为阶段的相关性及影响因素,为提高IS患者自我管理行为提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2023年11-12月在新疆某三级甲等医院神经内科住院的IS患者313例为研究对象,通过一般资料调查问卷、脑卒中自我管理行为量表和健康行为阶段评定问卷进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析及多重线性回归探讨IS患者自我管理行为与健康行为阶段的相关性及影响因素。结果IS患者自我管理行为得分为(147.83±22.88)分,IS患者的自我管理行为与健康行为阶段呈显著正相关(r=0.144,P<0.05)。疾病、饮食、日常生活起居、情绪、社会功能和人际管理维度与健康行为阶段呈显著正相关(r=0.171、0.164、0.156、0.173,P<0.01,r=0.137,P<0.05)。文化程度、家庭人均月收入、合并症数量和健康行为阶段是影响个人自我管理行为的重要独立变量(P<0.05)。结论IS患者自我管理行为处于中等偏上水平,受多种因素影响。在临床中,医护人员应关注这些因素与IS患者自我管理行为之间的潜在联系,根据IS患者不同阶段的心理特征,提供个性化的指导和支持,从而提升自我管理水平和生活质量,改善康复效果及相关健康结局。

Objective To explore the correlation and influencing factors between self-management behavior and health behavior stage in patients with ischemic stroke(IS),and to provide evidence for improving selfmanagement behavior in patients with IS.Methods A total of 313 IS patients hospitalized in the hospital from November to December 2023 were selected as study objects by convenience sampling method.General data questionnaire,stroke self-management behavior questionnaire and health behavior stage assessment questionnaire were used for questionnaire investigation.Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to explore the correlation and influencing factors of IS patients'self-management be-havior and health behavior stage.Results IS patients'self-management behavior score(147.83±22.88),IS patients'self-management behavior and health behavior stage were significantly positively correlated(r=0.144,P<0.05).The dimensions of disease,diet,daily living,emotion,social function and interper-sonal management were significantly positively correlated with the health behavior stage(r=0.171,0.164,0.156,0.173,P<0.01,r=0.137,P<0.05).Educational level,per capita monthly family in-come,number of complications and health behavior stage were the key independent variables affecting self-management behavior(P<0.05).Conclusion The self-management behavior of IS patients is at a medi-um and high level,and it is affected by multiple factors.In clinical practice,medical staff must pay close attention to the potential relationship between these factors and the self-management behavior of IS pa-tients,and to provide them with personalized guidance and support according to the psychological charac-teristics of IS patients at different stages,so as to improve the level of self-management and quality of life,and improve the rehabilitation effect and related health outcomes.