黔中城市生态功能区生态环境质量动态评估及其驱动因素分析

Dynamic assessment of ecological environment quality in the ecological functional zone of central Guizhou city and its driving factor analysis

黔中城市生态功能区作为西南典型喀斯特城市建设的核心区和增长极,针对如何全面厘清和评估该区域生态环境质量时空动态趋势的科学问题,该论文基于GEE云平台,在运用遥感生态指数和像元二分模型对黔中城市生态功能区的生态环境质量、植被覆盖度进行时空信息提取的基础上,综合集成Moran's I指数与地理探测器,定量识别和判定分析生态质量变化的关键因素和驱动机理.研究结果表明,黔中城市生态功能区的生态质量在2001—2020年间整体呈正向变化趋势,遥感生态指数由0.742上升至0.796,植被覆盖度由0.588上升至0.758,两者空间分布及演变趋向基本相同,相关性高达0.893;其中生态环境质量改善区域主要集中在福泉市、乌当区、黔西市、开阳县等区域,其生态质量均值分别提升9.34%、7.48%、7.32%、6.46%,而花溪区、观山湖区、白云区、平坝区等城市的生态环境质量则呈下降趋势,分别下降4.62%、2.77%、2.54%、2.15%.生态环境质量的驱动因素判定显示,以植被覆盖度为主的自然因素、土地利用和人口密度为主的人为因素是影响黔中城市生态功能区生态环境质量的主导性因素,该研究可为贵州省提升城市生态文明建设和加速社会经济可持续发展提供辅助决策依据.

The urban ecological functional zone in central Guizhou,positioned as the core area and growth pole for urban construction in the typical karst region of Southwest China,is the focal point of this study.Addressing the scientific challenge of comprehensively elucidating and dynamically evaluating the spatiotemporal trends in ecological environment quality,this paper,based on the Google Earth Engine(GEE)cloud platform,employs remote sensing ecological index and pixel dichotomous model for vegetation coverage to extract spatiotemporal information on ecological environment quality and vegetation coverage in the central Guizhou urban ecological functional zone.The study further integrates Moran,s I index and Geographic Detector to quantitatively identify and analyze the key factors and driving mechanisms of ecological quality changes.Research results indicate that the ecological quality of the urban ecological functional zone in central Guizhou exhibited an overall positive trend from 2001 to 2020.The Remote Sensing Ecological Index increased from 0.742 to 0.796,and vegetation coverage rose from 0.588 to 0.758.The spatial distribution and temporal evolution trends between the two were essentially similar,with a high correlation of 0.893.Notably,regions demonstrating improved ecological quality were predominantly concentrated in areas such as Fuquan City,Wudang District,Qianxi City,and Kaiyang County,with respective average increases of 9.34%,7.48%,7.32%,and 6.46%.Conversely,districts including Huaxi,Guanshanhu,Baiyun,and Pingba exhibited a declining trend in ecological environment quality,with decreases of 4.62%,2.77%,2.54%,and 2.15%.The determination of driving factors for ecological environment quality indicates that natural factors,primarily represented by vegetation coverage,and anthropogenic factors,characterized by land use and population density,are the predominant factors influencing the ecological environment quality in the central Guizhou urban ecological functional zone.This research contributes valuable insights to assist decision-making in enhancing urban ecological civilization construction and accelerating sustainable social and economic development in Guizhou Province.