陶寺文化早期墓葬M2172的“东方文化因素”分析

Analysis of“Oriental Cultural Factors”in the Early Tomb M2172 of Taosi Culture

陶寺文化中存在多种区系的文化因素,这在该文化墓葬及出土遗物中有明显体现。陶寺遗址墓地中的M2172在墓葬等级上虽是二类甲型,但墓圹却比一类大墓还略大。该墓葬具有诸多特殊之处,其文化属性除了主体属于陶寺文化以外,还见有石家河文化因素。更为重要的是,M2172随葬猪下颌骨的习俗、玉钺的形制、彩绘陶器的风格等体现着较多的良渚文化和大汶口-龙山文化的“东方文化因素”,不排除是部分人群迁徙至陶寺并参与其社会管理的可能性。陶寺文化这种现象反映了该区域与周边区域之间的文化互动、族群融合等状况,也是中华文明创新性、包容性等特性的重要体现。

Taosi culture exhibits various regional cultural factors,which are clearly reflected in the tombs and unearthed relics.Although M2172 in the Taosi Cemetery is classified as a Type 2 A tomb,the tomb mound is slightly larger than that of Type 1 tomb,and features several unique characteristics.The cultural nature of this tomb belongs to the Taosi culture,and there are also elements of the Shijiahe culture.More importantly,the customs of burying pig mandibles,the shape of jade axes,and the style of painted pottery in the M2172 reflect many“Oriental cultural factors”of Liangzhu culture and Dawenkou-Longshan culture.Therefore,it cannot be ruled out that some people from the eastern region might have migrated to Taosi and participated in its social management.Taosi culture reflects its cultural interaction and ethnic integration with the neighboring areas,and highlights the innovative and inclusive characteristics of Chinese civilization.