不同剂型岩藻黄素产品在Caco-2细胞模型中的吸收转运研究

Absorption and transport of different forms of fucoxanthin products in the Caco-2 cell model

【目的】岩藻黄素是一类特殊的藻类来源类胡萝卜素,具有抗氧化、减肥、降血脂等生物活性。由于岩藻黄素不稳定,目前对其应用主要以岩藻黄素微囊粉和岩藻黄素油悬液为主。本研究拟探讨岩藻黄素不同剂型产品的生物利用率差异。【方法】本文以岩藻黄素剂型产品岩藻黄素微囊粉、岩藻黄素油悬液产品以及两种产品胃肠模拟消化液为研究对象,探究其在Caco-2细胞模型中的转运吸收规律。采用Caco-2细胞模型,以细胞形态、跨膜电阻值、碱性磷酸酶活性和细胞通透性指标作为建模依据,对样品转运效率、吸收效率、转运表观渗透系数及细胞内抗氧化水平进行了测定。【结果】1)经过21 d的培养,Caco-2细胞已呈现出紧密排列、分化的状态,可进行后续的Caco-2细胞的吸收和转运实验。2)岩藻黄素微囊粉吸收效率最高,可达到27.98%,12 h的转运效率为24.45%,在3 h达到最大转运表观渗透系数8.1×10^(−5) cm/s,表现出良好的生物利用性能;岩藻黄素油悬液消化液的吸收效率为22.29%,在6 h达到最高转运效率43.91%,转运表观渗透系数为1.4×10^(−5) cm/s。3)4种岩藻黄素样品对Caco-2细胞均具有良好的抗氧化活性,可提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性。【结论】胃肠消化过程可促进岩藻黄素形成胶束,提高岩藻黄素的生物利用率。岩藻黄素微囊粉产品稳定性高,经胃肠消化后表现出良好的吸收转运性能,而油悬液产品经胃肠消化后,跨膜转运效率较高,但吸收性能较差。在实际应用中,应结合产品类型及其特点,选择合适的岩藻黄素剂型。【意义】研究结果将为后续岩藻黄素产品制剂的开发、在保健品中的添加方式提供理论依据。

[Objective]This study aims to investigate the comparative bioavailability of various formulations of fucoxanthin,a unique algal-derived carotenoid known for its antioxidant,weight management,and lipid-regulating properties.Given fucoxanthin’s inherent instability,its current applications predominantly rely on two formats:fucoxanthin microcapsule powder and fucoxanthin oil suspension.[Methods]To assess the bioavailability differences,the study employed a Caco-2 cell model to examine the transport and absorption dynamics of both fucoxanthin formulations alongside their respective gastrointestinal simulated digesta.The Caco-2 cell model was validated through assessments of cellular morphology,transepithelial electrical resistance,alkaline phosphatase activity,and permeability characteristics.Key metrics evaluated included sample transport efficacy,absorption rates,apparent permeability coefficients,and intracellular antioxidant capacity.[Results]Following 21-day culture,Caco-2 cells displayed a tight junctional architecture indicative of differentiation,rendering them suitable for absorption and transport studies.The findings revealed that the fucoxanthin microcapsule powder exhibited superior absorption efficiency at 27.98%,with a transport efficiency of 24.45%post 12-hour incubation and an optimal apparent permeability coefficient of 8.1×10^(−5) cm/s observed within three hours,highlighting robust bioavailability.In contrast,the fucoxanthin oil suspension digestion solution achieved an absorption rate of 22.29%,with peak transport efficiency and permeability coefficient values of 43.91%and 1.4×10^(−5) cm/s,respectively,occurring after six hours.Additionally,both fucoxanthin samples demonstrated potent antioxidant effects within Caco-2 cells,notably augmenting superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities.[Conclusion]Gastrointestinal digestion processes facilitate the formation of fucoxanthin micelles,thereby enhancing its bioavailability.The microcapsule formulation maintained high stability and exhibited commendable absorption and transport capabilities following digestion,whereas the oil suspension format showcased elevated transmural transport efficiency post-digestion but compromised absorption performance.In practical applications,the appropriate dosage form of fucoxanthin should be selected based on the product type and its characteristics.[Significance]These insights offer a foundational platform for future fucoxanthin product development and formulation strategies,as well as guidance on incorporation into nutraceuticals.