1935年胡适南游与北学南传

Hu Shi’s Journey to the South in 1935 and the Spread of Northern Learning to the South

1930年代初,胡适改革北大文史学科,希望以现代学科建立学术社会。1935年1月,胡适应香港大学之邀南游讲学,引发广东当局的强烈反弹,以及读经问题的争议。此事既可视为近代以来西化与复古、新旧之争的延续,更反映了国人由来已久转化中国文化的不同路径:以涵养的方式领会经典义理,为政化民;抑或以史代经,以科学整理国故,建立现代学术系统。如若在现代学术体制演化的脉络中,以胡适南游与北学南传为切入点,考察胡适、古直、许地山等学人的言行,阐释多方对于中国文化的理念与取法,既有助于揭示近代学术流变的复杂性,又能为我们理解南北、新旧学术的融合,揭示中国文化近代传承的多元路径提供有效参考。

In the early 1930s,Hu Shi reformed the discipline of literature and history at Peking University,hoping to establish an academic society with modern disciplines.In January 1935,Hu adapted to the invitation of the University of Hong Kong to travel south to give lectures,which sparked a strong backlash from the Guangdong authorities and a controversy over the issue of reading scriptures.This event can not only be regarded as the continuation of the dispute between Westernization and conservatism,the old and the new,but also reflects the different paths that Chinese people have taken to transform Chinese culture for a long time:to grasp the classical principles in a self-cultivation way,and to civilize the people;or use history to replace classics,with science to sort out the national heritage,and to establish a modern academic system.If,in the context of the evolution of modern academic system,we take Hu Shi’s south tour and north learning and south transmission as the starting point,examine the words and deeds of scholars such as Hu Shi,Gu Zhi and Xu Dishan,and explain various ideas and approaches to Chinese culture,it will not only help to reveal the complexity of modern academic changes,but also provides effective reference for us to understand the integration of North and South,old and new academic systems,and reveal the diverse paths of modern inheritance of Chinese culture.