资源、规则、组织:新型农村集体经济发展的新内生解释——基于江苏省多案例研究

Resources,Rules,Organizations:A New Endogenous Explanation for the Development of New Rural Collective Economies--Based on Multiple Case Studies in Jiangsu Province

发展新型农村集体经济作为乡村全面振兴的关键,不仅要构建产权关系明晰、治理架构科学、经营方式稳健、收益分配合理的运行机制,还应积极探索实现新型集体经济高质量发展的创新路径。基于新内生发展理论,构建外部生产要素通过资源、规则和组织三种路径嵌入村庄并有效激活内部生产要素发展潜力的理论框架,深入探讨江苏省4个典型案例村4种集体经济发展模式,即引入外部人力资本进行农旅综合开发、引入启动资本举办合作农场、引入外部农业企业开展村企联建、整合资源抱团发展的集体经济发展的创新路径。研究结果表明:资源嵌入为村庄提供稀缺资源并实现内外资源优化配置,规则嵌入为外部资源进入村庄以及资源整合提供基本行动框架,组织嵌入旨在减少交易成本并提升内外部资源生产效益。新型农村集体经济新内生发展的底层逻辑可以概括为资源有效互补的发展基础,与组织载体相匹配的治理机制以及多元主体激励相容的利益关系。

Developing new rural collective economies,as a key to comprehensive rural revitalization,requires not only the establishment of clear property rights,sound governance structures,stable business operations,and fair profit distribution mechanisms,but also the exploration of innovative pathways for achieving high-quality growth.Based on the New Endogenous Development Theory,this study constructs a theoretical framework where external production factors can be embedded into villages via three pathways:resources,rules,and organizations,effectively unlocking the development potential of internal production factors.Through investigations of four typical case villages in Jiangsu province,this paper analyzes four development models:introducing external human capital for integrated agriculturaltourism development,leveraging start-up capital to establish cooperative farms,partnering with external agricultural enterprises for joint village-enterprise development,and achieving collective development through resource integration.The research findings indicate that resource embedding provides villages with rare resources and optimizes the allocation of internal and external resources,rule embedding offers a basic foundational framework for the entry and integration of external resources,and organizational embedding reduces transaction costs and enhances the productive efficiency of both internal and external resources.The underlying logic of the new endogenous development of the new-type rural collective economy can be summarized as the effective complementarity of resources,governance mechanisms that align with organizational structures,and incentive compatibility among diverse stakeholders.