基于中医体质基本原理探析婴幼儿体质与肠道菌群的关系

Relationship Between Infant Constitution and Gut Microbiota Based on Fundamental Principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution

婴幼儿时期作为人体生命周期的一个重要阶段,具有独特的体质。肠道菌群是一个庞大的微生态系统,有“人体第二基因组”之称。从中医体质学说四大基本原理发现,婴幼儿体质和肠道菌群具有密切关系。生命过程论:婴幼儿体质在发展时相、体质特点上与肠道菌群的定植和生长具有一致性。禀赋遗传论:父母遗传和孕期胎养对婴幼儿体质的形成和肠道菌群结构具有先天决定性。环境制约论:生活环境、饮食及喂养方式、药物使用对婴幼儿体质变化和肠道菌群结构改变具有后天制约作用。形神构成论:不同体质类型具有不同的心理特征;情志因素可以对婴幼儿体质和肠道菌群的结构产生持续整个生命周期的影响;肠道菌群通过参与生命早期神经发育对婴幼儿体质的形成产生重要影响。

Infancy is a crucial stage in the human life cycle,characterized by unique constitutions.The gut microbiota,often referred to as the“second genome of the human body”,is a huge micro-ecosystem.The relationship between infant constitution and gut microbiota is closely examined through four fundamental principles in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution theory.From life process theory,the developmental phases and characteristics of infant constitution align with the colonization and growth of gut microbiota.From genetic endowment theory,genetic factors from parents and prenatal nourishment significantly influence the formation of infant constitution and the structure of gut microbiota.From environmental constrain theory,factors such as living environment,diet,feeding methods,and medication use exert a secondary influence on changes in infant constitution and gut microbiota composition.From body-spirit composition theory,different constitutional types exhibit distinct psychological traits;emotional factors can have lasting effects on both infant constitution and gut microbiota throughout life.Additionally,gut microbiota significantly impacts the formation of infant constitution by participating in early neurodevelopment.