间歇充气加压在骨科大手术后患者深静脉血栓预防中的应用及治疗时长选择研究进展

Research progress on the application and treatment duration selection of intermittent pneumatic compression in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis in patients after major orthopedic surgery

深静脉血栓(DVT)是骨科大手术患者常见的并发症及病死原因,间歇充气加压(IPC)是骨科大手术后常见的预防下肢DVT形成的机械预防措施。目前关于IPC使用原则和意见趋于一致,但对IPC的使用时间尚无统一定论。骨科大手术患者DVT在术后1周至3个月均可发生,如何选择合适的预防时间既能兼顾DVT预防有效性,又不使临床资源浪费增加患者负担,是需要关注的关键问题。本文综述IPC治疗时长在骨科大手术后DVT形成预防的作用机制、临床应用现状、治疗时长及依从性等方面的研究,旨在为临床IPC的使用提供参考,为骨科大手术患者DVT的预防及护理提供理论依据。

Deep venous thrombosis(DVT)is a common complication and cause of death in patients with major orthopedic surgery,and intermittent pneumatic compression(IPC)is common mechanical preventive measure to prevent the formation of DVT in the lower limbs after orthopedic surgery.At present,there is a consensus on the principles and opinions regarding the use of IPC,but there is no unified theory on the usage time of IPC.DVT can occur in patients with major orthopedic surgery within 1 week to 3 months after surgery.Therefore,how to choose an appropriate prevention time that can balance the effectiveness of DVT prevention without wasting clinical resources and increasing patient burden is a key issue that needs attention.This paper reviews the research on the mechanism,clinical application status,treatment duration,and compliance of IPC therapy in preventing DVT after major orthopedic surgery.The aim is to provide reference for the use of IPC in clinical practice and theoretical basis for the prevention and nursing of DVT in patients with major orthopedic surgery.