蜕膜自然杀伤细胞在胎盘形成过程中作用机制的研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of decidual natural killer cells in the placenta formation

蜕膜自然杀伤(dNK)细胞占妊娠早期蜕膜免疫细胞的70%,是蜕膜中发现的最大的淋巴细胞亚群。在胎盘形成过程中,dNK细胞可以通过多种功能促进绒毛外滋养层细胞(EVTs)迁移到母体子宫并改变其血管,其中EVTs对子宫螺旋动脉的重塑对胎盘形成至关重要;dNK细胞还可以通过其细胞毒性作用防御胎盘感染,进而保证胎儿的健康生长和发育。本文就dNK细胞在胎盘形成过程中作用机制的最新研究进展进行简要总结,希望为日后的临床诊断和治疗提供理论依据。

Decidual natural killer(dNK)cells account for 70%of decidual immune cells in early pregnancy and are the largest lymphocyte subpopulation found in decidua.In the process of placenta formation,dNK cells can promote the migration of extravillous trophoblasts(EVTs)to the maternal uterus and change its blood vessels through various functions,among which the remodeling of the uterine spiral artery by EVTs is crucial for placenta formation.dNK cells can also protect against placental infection through their cytotoxic effects,thus ensuring the healthy growth and development of the fetus.This paper provides a brief summary of the latest research progress on the mechanism of dNK cells in placental formation,hoping to provide theoretical basis for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.