椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉在输尿管镜激光碎石术中的临床应用效果对比研究

Comparative Study on Clinical Application Effect of Intraspinal Anesthe⁃sia and General Anesthesia in Ureteroscopic Laser Lithotripsy

目的 对比分析椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉在输尿管镜激光碎石术中的临床应用效果。方法 回顾性选取2022年1月—2023年12月汕头市澄海区人民医院收治的126例输尿管镜激光碎石术患者的临床资料,按麻醉方式不同分为A组与B组,每组63例。A组采用椎管内麻醉,B组采用全身麻醉。对比两组麻醉相关时间、生命体征、不良反应发生率。结果 A组患者麻醉起效时间、术后清醒时间短于B组,麻醉维持时间长于B组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。麻醉前,两组生命体征对比,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);麻醉后30 min,A组患者的术中生命体征比B组更稳定,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。A组患者不良反应总发生率为4.76%(3/63),低于B组的15.87%(10/63),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.203,P<0.05)。结论在输尿管镜激光碎石术中,椎管内麻醉相较于全身麻醉具有麻醉起效快、苏醒时间短、麻醉维持时间长、术中生命体征稳定以及不良反应发生率低等优势。

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical application effect of intraspinal anesthesia and general an-esthesia in ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy.Methods The clinical data of 126 patients with ureteroscopic laser litho-tripsy admitted to Chenghai District People's Hospital of Shantou City from January 2022 to December 2023 were ret-rospectively selected.They were divided into group A and group B according to different anesthesia methods,with 63 cases in each group.Group A was given intraspinal anesthesia,and group B was given general anesthesia.The anes-thesia related time,vital signs and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The anesthesia onset time and postoperative awake time of group A were shorter than those of group B,and the anesthesia maintenance time was longer than that of group B,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Before an-esthesia,there were no significant differences in vital signs between the two groups(all P>0.05).At 30 min after anes-thesia,the intraoperative vital signs of patients in group A were more stable than those in group B,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in group A was 4.76%(3/63),which was lower than 15.87%(10/63)in group B,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.203,P<0.05).Con-clusion In ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy,intraspinal anesthesia has the advantages of rapid onset of anesthesia,short recovery time,long anesthesia maintenance time,stable intraoperative vital signs and low incidence of adverse reac-tions compared with general anesthesia.