社会治理现代化视域下刑事治理的体系性优化

Systematic Optimization of Criminal Governance from the Perspective of Social Governance Modernization

刑事治理在社会治理中一直发挥重要作用,经过刑事治理模式的不断演进,当《刑法修正案(十二)》发布后,刑事治理已经更加深度地介入社会治理中,深刻影响新时代社会治理体系和治理能力现代化建设。在司法实践中,刑事治理肩负着实现良法善治的兜底性使命,为法秩序统一提供坚实支撑,并彰显了全面依法治国的价值导向。当前刑事治理过度介入社会治理表现为刑法理念的泛刑罚化、规范内容的不断变更以及司法实践的广泛争议,导致背离社会治理现代化初衷、违背刑事治理内在秉性、阻碍市场经济正常发展、影响科学合理执法以及难以预测的刑罚附随后果等负面效应。为了优化刑事治理模式,应在理念上克服泛刑罚化的思维定势,坚持刑法谦抑性原则,构建“自由刑法”的立法模式,保障公民基本权利自由,并在司法实践中提高执法水平。

Criminal governance has played an important role in social governance.Through the constant evolution of its models,criminal governance has been further involved in social governance and profoundly affecting the modernization of social governance system and capacity for governance in the new era after the release of the Amendment(XII)to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.In the judicial practice,criminal governance shoulders the mission of realizing good governance with good law,providing solid support for the unity of legal order,and demonstrating the value orientation of law-based governance in all fields.The current excessive involvement of criminal governance in social governance is manifested in the excessive criminal penalties of criminal law concepts,the constant changes of legal norms and the widespread disputes triggered by judicial practice.The negative effects of excessive involvement of criminal governance in social governance,which brings negative effects,including deviation from the original intent of modernization of social governance,violation of the inherent nature of criminal governance,impediment to the normal development of the market economy,affecting scientific and reasonable law enforcement,and bringing the unpredictable collateral consequences of penalty.To optimize the criminal governance model,we should overcome the fixed thinking pattern of excessive criminal penalties,adhere to the principle of necessity of the Criminal Law,build a legislative model of"liberal criminal law",safeguard the basic rights and freedoms of citizens,and improve the level of law enforcement in judicial practice.