绿色技术创新、环境规制对黄河流域城市绿色发展的影响机理

Impact mechanisms of green technology innovation and environmental regulation on the green development of cities in the Yellow River Basin

推动城市绿色发展不仅是实现“双碳”目标的现实举措,更是实现经济高质量发展的必然选择。黄河流域具有显著的资源、生态和区位特殊性,需协同推进生态保护和经济高质量发展。为探究绿色技术创新在黄河流域城市绿色发展中的作用,该研究选取黄河流域2009—2021年76个地级及以上城市的面板数据为研究样本,基于超效率SBM模型测算城市绿色全要素生产率来反映城市绿色发展水平,从调节作用和门槛效应的视角研究环境规制的作用机理。研究结论显示:①绿色技术创新对黄河流域城市绿色发展有显著促进作用,经过系列稳健性检验后结论仍然成立,且主要通过技术进步来提升城市绿色全要素生产率的增长。②基于环境治理成效的环境规制在绿色技术创新和城市绿色发展间的调节作用整体上不显著,但在上游和中游地区,环境规制的调节作用显著。③环境规制存在显著的双重门槛效应,在推动绿色技术创新影响城市绿色发展中存在一个合理的强度区间,强度过低或过高都会限制绿色技术创新对城市绿色发展的影响效果。④经异质性分析发现,不同区域绿色技术创新对城市绿色发展的影响仍然显著,影响程度的大小从上游地区到下游地区依次递减。基于此,该研究提出,要充分考虑黄河流域的地域特点,树立协同推进绿色创新与经济高质量发展的理念,完善绿色技术创新政策体系,进一步增强绿色技术创新在城市绿色发展中的作用;正确理解环境规制在推动城市绿色发展中的作用,科学合理设定环境规制强度,因地制宜实施环境规制政策,推动黄河流域城市绿色发展。

Promoting urban green development is not only a practical measure to reach the'dual carbon'goals but also an inevitable choice to achieve high-quality economic development.The Yellow River Basin has significant characteristics in terms of resources,ecology,and location,necessitating coordinated efforts to promote ecological protection and high-quality economic development.To explore the role of green technology innovation in the green development of cities in the Yellow River Basin,this study used panel data from 76 cities at prefecture level and above in the Yellow River Basin from 2009 to 2021 as the research sample.Based on the super-efficiency SBM model,urban green total factor productivity was calculated to reflect the level of urban green development,and the mechanisms of environmental regulation were studied from the perspectives of moderation effect and threshold effect.The research conclusion showed that:①Green technology innovation had a significant promoting effect on the green development of cities in the Yellow River Basin.After conducting a series of robustness tests,the conclusion remained tenable,and the growth of urban green total factor productivity was mainly improved through technological progress.②The regulatory effect of environmental regulation based on the effectiveness of environmental governance on green technology innovation and urban green development was not significant overall.However,in the upstream and midstream regions,the regulatory effect of environmental regulation was significant.③There was a significant dual threshold effect in environmental regulation,with a reasonable intensity range that promoted green technology innovation to influence urban green development.Too low or too high an intensity would limit the impact of green technology innovation on urban green development.④Through heterogeneity analysis,it was found that green technology innovation in different regions still had a significant impact on urban green development,with the degree of influence decreasing from upstream to downstream regions.Based on this,it is necessary to fully consider the regional characteristics of the Yellow River Basin.We should establish the concept of collaborative promotion of green innovation and high-quality economic development,improve the policy system of green technology innovation,further enhance the role of green technology innovation in urban green development,correctly understand the role of environmental regulation in promoting urban green development,scientifically and reasonably set the intensity of environmental regulation,implement environmental regulation policies according to local conditions,and thus promote urban green development in the Yellow River Basin.