组学技术在牦牛繁育中的应用

Application of Omics Techniques in Yak Breeding

牦牛是分布于青藏高原高寒牧区的特有畜种,能够适应较为恶劣的自然生态气候和生存环境。繁育是牦牛生产的重要环节,受到许多因素的影响。目前,对牦牛繁育领域的研究主要集中在遗传改良、繁殖技术、饲养管理、环境适应性等方面。随着分子遗传学和各类测序技术的不断发展,为从微观层面探究牦牛繁育过程中的基因结构功能及其作用机制提供了新方法。本文综述了基因组学、转录组学、代谢组学、蛋白质组学以及多组学联合技术在牦牛繁育中的最新研究进展,为促进牦牛产业发展提供参考和依据。

Yak is an endemic breed distributed in the alpine pastoral area on Tibetan Plateau,which can adapt to the harsh natural ecological climate and living environment.Breeding is an important part of yak production and is affected by many factors.At present,the research in the field of yak breeding mainly focuses on genetic improvement,breeding technology,feeding management,and environmental adaptability.With the continuous development of molecular genetics and various sequencing technologies,it provided a new method for exploring the gene structure,function and mechanism of yak breeding at the microscopic level.This article reviewed the latest research progress in the application of genomics,transcriptomics,metabolomics,proteomics,and multi omics technologies in yak breeding,which provided a reference and basis for promoting the development of yak industry.