高超声速飞行器多物理场虚拟飞行建模方法研究

Research on Multi-Physics Field Virtual Flight Modeling Method for Hypersonic Vehicle

为了解决高超声速飞行器飞行试验成本高昂、风险较大、飞行性能评估困难等问题,提出多物理场虚拟飞行方法,通过建立高拟真度多物理场仿真模型替代飞行试验,实现快速、准确的飞行性能分析。本文考虑气动、结构、控制和弹道学科间的耦合效应,采用松耦合方法建立高超声速飞行器流固耦合模型并开展虚拟飞行仿真研究。采用活塞理论计算非定常气动力载荷、模态叠加法计算结构动响应;将时变的气动力载荷和结构振动变形整合到六自由度飞行动力学模型中,构建多物理场虚拟飞行仿真流程;以某三维高超声速飞行器为对象开展虚拟飞行仿真研究,分析结构动变形、非定常气动力动响应对其飞行弹道和控制系统的影响规律。研究结果表明,本文构建的虚拟飞行模型能够快速、准确地获得飞行过程中的动态特性、受控特性与载荷特性,可为高超声速飞行器的总体设计提供高效、低成本的飞行性能验证途径。

To solve the problems of high cost,high risk,and difficulty in flight performance evaluation of hypersonic vehicle flight tests,a multi-physics field virtual flight method was proposed in this study.By establishing a high-fidelity multi-physics field model to simulate the flight test,fast and accurate flight performance analysis was acquired.Considering the coupling effects between aerodynamics,structure,control,and trajectory disciplines,a loosely coupled method was adopted to build a dynamic model of an elastic hypersonic vehicle and conduct virtual flight simulations.The piston theory was used to calculate unsteady aerodynamic loads,and the modal superposition method was employed to calculate structural dynamic responses.A multi-physics field virtual flight simulation process was constructed by integrating time-varying aerodynamic loads and structural vibration deformations into a six-degree-offreedom flight dynamics model.A virtual flight simulation study was conducted on a three-dimensional hypersonic vehicle,analyzing the influence of structural dynamic deformation and unsteady aerodynamic dynamic response on its flight trajectory and control system.The results show that the virtual flight model can quickly and accurately obtain the dynamic,controlled,and load characteristics of the vehicle during flight,providing an efficient and low-cost solution for verifying the flight performance in hypersonic vehicle design.