热带木本油料育种技术研究进展

Research progress in breeding techniques for tropical woody oil crops

热带木本油料作物是我国农业的重要组成部分,在国民经济和社会发展中占有重要地位.食用油供给安全是关系国计民生的重大战略问题,其中,育种技术的进步是热带木本油料作物产业提升的重要推动力.本文对近年来椰子、油棕、海南油茶的传统育种、主要育种目标性状分子遗传基础、分子标记辅助选择育种、全基因组选择育种技术,以及转基因、基因编辑育种技术等方面的研究进展进行综述,并对分子育种技术研究和新品种培育进行展望.

Tropical oil crops are an important component of agriculture in China,it plays an important role in the national economy and social development.The supply of edible oil is a major strategic issue related to national economy and the people’s livelihood,and the progress of breeding technology is an important driving force for the improvement of the tropical oil crop industry.This article reviews the research progress in traditional breeding,genome sequencing,molecular genetic basis,and gene cloning of major breeding target traits,as well as transgene,gene editing,molecular marker assisted selection breeding,and whole genome selection breeding technologies of Cocos nucifera,Elaeis guineensis,and Camellia hainanica.It also provides prospects for research on molecular breeding technology and cultivation of new varieties.