特色热带作物淀粉研究进展

Research progress of starch from characteristic tropical crops

淀粉作为自然界来源最广泛的碳水化合物,最基本的生理功能是为人体生命活动提供能量.作为木薯、香蕉等典型特色热带作物的主要组成成分,特色热带作物淀粉因具有区别于传统淀粉资源的多尺度结构,从而表现出不同的理化性质、加工性能和应用领域而受到广泛的关注.本文按照淀粉的来源归纳现有特色热带作物淀粉的研究进展,综述了木薯、香蕉、菠萝蜜、面包果、芒果、蛋黄果等特色热带作物淀粉的提取工艺、直链淀粉含量、多尺度结构、理化性质、加工技术及其产品应用等,讨论了特色热带作物淀粉的未来发展方向、应用前景,给出了研究建议,以期为特色热带作物淀粉的研究、相关产品的加工水平的提升等提供理论指导.

Starch,being the predominant carbohydrate in nature,serves as a fundamental energy source for various physiological activities in human life.The characteristic tropical crop starch,found in typical tropical crops such as cassava,banana,jackfruit,and breadfruit,has garnered significant attention due to its diverse multi-scale structure,distinct physicochemical properties,processing characteristics,and wide-ranging applications.This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the research progress on starch in tropical crops from various sources.Specifically,it reviews the extraction technology,amylopectin content,multi-scale structure,physical and chemical properties,processing technology and product application of starch in cassava,banana,jackfruit,breadfruit,mango and Pouteria campechiana.The future development direction,application prospects,and research suggestions of characteristic tropical crop starch are also discussed to provide crucial theoretical guidance for enhancing the processing level of related products and diversifying food sources.