西方式现代化“祛魅”与区域国别“返魅”:一种环境公正的反思

Disenchantment of Western Modernization and Re-enchantment of Regions:A Reflection on Environmental Justice

全球环境治理并未随着全球现代化进程推进而更见成效。一方面,西方式现代化路径背离了其所宣扬的环境公正,资本主义生产生活方式是造成人与自然关系紧张的根源;另一方面,全球治理在区域国别的同质化和不合理的世界秩序导致环境非公正现象频仍,全球环境治理体系与秩序亟待结构性、整体性变革。对西方式现代化“祛魅”,将“西方化”剥离,使现代化回归本身,是为从来处寻求全球(政治)公正;对区域国别“返魅”,则希冀通过区域国别向世界(社会)秩序的复归,真正重塑世界(社会)秩序。以中国为代表的新兴大国何以通过非西方式现代化,并以自身区域国别式参与全球环境治理,是为现代化祛“西方式”之魅,且为区域国别治理复“个性”之魅的关键。

Global environmental governance has not become more effective with the advancement of the global modernization process.On the one hand,the path of Western modernization has departed from the environmental justice it advocates,and the capitalist mode of production and lifestyle is the underlying cause of the tensions between humans and nature.On the other hand,the homogenization of global governance in terms of regions,along with the irrational world order,has led to the frequent occurrence of environmental injustice.The global environmental governance system and order urgently require structural and comprehensive reform.The“disenchantment”of Western modernization involves extracting the elements of“Westernization”,allowing modernization to return to its essence,thereby seeking global(political)justice from its origins.The“re-enchantment”of regions aims to truly reshape the world(society)order through the restoration of regional diversity.The question of how emerging powers,represented by China,can achieve modernization through non-Western paths and participate in global environmental governance in region-specific ways,is a key factor in the“disenchantment”of Western modernization and the“re-enchantment”of regions.