“膊”字历时记词功能研究

Study on the Diachronic Function of 膊 in Recording Words

文章考察了“膊”字的历时记词情况,归纳为以下八种:第一,记{膊},音pò,义为“曝肉”“干肉”“晒”“陈尸示众”“打开、剖开”“泛指杀”;第二,记{伯},音bó,义为“兄”;第三,记录单纯词{膊膊},音bó,用同{旁薄};第四,作为“膞”字讹写记录{膞}{腨}等词;第五,记{髆},音bó,义为“肩膀”“上臂”“胳膊”;第六,记录{膊膊}{腷膊}{腷腷膊膊}等拟声词,音bó;第七,记{脖},音bó,义为“脖子”;第八,记{拨},音bō,义为“调转”。“膊”字历时记词情况考察的结果对于释读文献、完善辞书具有重要价值,文章对《汉语大字典》《汉语大词典》提出修订建议。

The article investigates the diachronic function of the Chinese character 膊 in recording words and classifies it into the following eight categories:First,representing {膊},pronounced as pò,with meanings such as “to dry meat”,“sun-dried meat”,“to dry in the sun”,“to expose a corpse in public”,“to open,to cut open” and “to kill”.Second,representing {伯},pronounced as bó,meaning “elder brother”.Third,used in the disyllabic word {膊膊},pronounced as bó,with the same usage as {旁薄}.Fourth,serving as a miswritten form for the character “膞” recording words such as {膞} and {腨}.Fifth,representing {髆},pronounced as bó,with meanings of“shoulder”,“upper arm” and “arm”.Sixth,used in onomatopoeic words such as {膊膊}{腷膊}and{腷腷膊膊},pronounced as bó.Seventh,representing {脖},pronounced as bó,meaning “neck”.Eighth,representing {拨},pronounced as bō,meaning “to turn”.The investigation on the diachronic function of “膊” holds significant value for interpreting documents and improving dictionaries.The article proposes amendments to The Great Dictionary of Chinese Characters and The Great Dictionary of Chinese Words.