水量水质联控视角下区域水资源系统代谢机制研究——以浙江省为案例

Metabolic mechanism of regional water resources system from the perspectiveof quantity-quality collaborative control—A case study of Zhejiang Province,China

当前,水资源系统管理面临的主要危机是如何处理区域经济社会的高速发展导致的水资源短缺和水环境恶化问题.基于水量水质联控的视角,解析水资源系统“量”和“质”的代谢机制,探寻区域发展水资源代谢规律与演变机理,可为区域辨识水资源高效管理路径提供科学依据.以浙江省为研究对象,基于资源代谢理论、投入产出分析、生态网络分析等方法构建区域水资源代谢网络,解析浙江省水量和水质污染物(COD、NH3-N、TP)代谢机制,识别不同代谢模式下的关键产业部门.结果显示:(1)基于水资源代谢网络流动分析,2017年水量代谢系统中流入量最大的产业部门分别是制造业(71.15%)、其他产业(10.1%)、批发零售及住宿餐饮业(6.26%);COD代谢系统中流入量最大的部门分别是制造业(74.5%)、其他产业(9.54%)、批发零售及住宿餐饮业(5.69%);NH3-N代谢系统中流入量最大的部门分别是制造业(69.94%)、其他产业(11.81%)、批发零售及住宿餐饮业(5.99%);TP代谢系统中流入量最大的部门分别是制造业(78.38%)、批发零售及住宿餐饮业(7.25%)、采矿业(4.78%);(2)基于水资源代谢网络效用分析,在2017年水量代谢网络中制造业、建筑业存在负效用大于5个,采矿业和其他产业存在正效用至少为4个,在2017年污染物代谢网络中制造业和建筑业二者存在负效用个数至少有5个,电力热力业、其他产业,二者存在正效用个数至少为4个;基于水资源代谢网络控制分析,采矿业对其它部门产业的控制占主导地位,而建筑业、农业、制造业则为被控制者;基于水资源代谢网络稳定性分析,得到水资源代谢网络具有较高的冗余度而效率性偏低的特点;(3)综合水资源系统“量”和“质”代谢属性,制造业、其他产业作为水资源代谢网络生产、消费、产污、治污的多向关键部门,对水资源系统代谢网络产生了显著影响,对其实施供需侧结合的节水减污管控措施,会使得系统收获最大限度的协同效益,这为区域水资源系统减污降耗方案制定提供了新的思路.

The main crisis in water resources management is the scarcity of water resources and the degradation of the water environment caused by rapid regional socio-economic development.From the perspective of cooperative control of quantity and quality,this study investigates the metabolic mechanisms of“quantity”and“quality”in the water resources system.This study aims to explore the regularities and evolution mechanisms of the metabolism of regional water resources development,thus providing a scientific basis for identifying efficient ways for regional water resources management.Zhejiang Province,China,is taken as a case study for this research.Based on the resource metabolism theory,input-output analysis and ecological network analysis,a regional water resources metabolism network is established.In this study,the metabolic mechanisms of water quantity and pollutants(COD,NH3-N,TP)in Zhejiang Province are analyzed to identify the main industrial sectors with different metabolic modes.The results show that: ① based on the flow analysis of the water resources metabolism network in 2017, the industrial sectors with the largest water inflow in termsof water quantity metabolism were manufacturing (71.15%), followed by other industries (10.1%), and wholesale and retail trade along withaccommodation and food services (6.26%). For COD metabolism, the sectors with the largest influx were manufacturing (74.5%), followed by otherindustries (9.54%) and wholesale and retail trade, accommodation and food services (5.69%). In the case of NH3-N metabolism, the sectors with thelargest inflow were manufacturing (69.94%), other industries (11.81%) and wholesale and retail trade and accommodation and food service activities(5.99%). Finally, for TP metabolism, the manufacturing sector had the highest inflow (78.38%), followed by wholesale and retail trade andaccommodation and food services (7.25%) and mining (4.78%).② utility analysis of the water resources metabolism network in 2017 indicated thatmore than 5 negative utility values in manufacturing and construction;at least 4 positive utility values in mining and other industries;at least 5negative utility values in manufacturing and construction;and at least 4 positive utility values in electric power and heating and other industries. Thecontrol analysisof the hydrogen exchange network showed that mining dominates the control of the other sectors, while construction, agriculture andmanufacturing are the most controlled. The stability analysis of the water resources metabolic network has shown that the water resources metabolicnetwork is characterized by high redundancy but low efficiency. ③ By integrating the metabolic characteristics of “quantity” and “quality”, themanufacturing and other industries are identifed as multidirectional key sectors in both production and pollution control and have a significant impact onthe water resources metabolic system. Implementing water conservation and pollution reduction measures that consider both supply and demand willmaximize the synergistic benefits of the system. This approach offers a new pathway for formulating pollution and consumption reduction plans for theregional water resources system.