纳米零价铁协同反硝化细菌去除硝酸盐的研究进展

Research progress of nanoscale zero-valent iron in synergistic combinations of denitrifying bacteria for nitrate removal

硝酸盐(NO_(-)^(3)-N)是一种水体中常见的无机氮污染物,过量的NO_(-)^(3)-N会使水体富营养化并对人体健康构成威胁。纳米零价铁(nanoscale zero-valent iron,nZVI)因具有高比表面积并可作为优良电子供体,在NO_(-)^(3)-N去除方面备受关注。nZVI协同反硝化细菌(denitrifying bacteria,DNB)可高效地转化NO_(-)^(3)-N为氮气(N_(2)),该方法不仅能显著提高NO_(-)^(3)-N的去除率,而且比传统的化学脱氮法更绿色环保,在NO_(-)^(3)-N污染治理中具有更大的应用潜力。因此,有必要深入认识nZVI协同DNB高效去除NO_(-)^(3)N的互作机理。本文详细阐述了影响nZVI与DNB协同去除NO_(-)^(3)-N的相关因素,综述了nZVI协同DNB去除NO_(-)^(3)-N的最新研究进展,系统分析了nZVI与DNB协同去除NO_(-)^(3)-N相互作用机理,综合讨论了nZVI协同DNB高效去除NO_(-)^(3)-N所面临的挑战,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望,为开发更高效治理NO_(-)^(3)-N污染的方法提供了理论依据和参考。

Nitrate(NO_(-)^(3)-N)is a common inorganic nitrogen pollutant in water.Excessive NO_(-)^(3)-N can lead to water eutrophication and threaten human health.Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)has attracted much attention in NO_(-)^(3)-N removal due to its high specific surface and excellent electron donor properties.The combination of nZVI and denitrifying bacteria(DNB)demonstrates high efficiency in converting NO_(-)^(3)-N into N_(2).This approach not only substantially enhances the removal rate of NO_(-)^(3)-N but also exhibits superior environmental sustainability compared with conventional chemical denitrification methods.Accordingly,it holds substantial promise for mitigating NO_(-)^(3)-N pollution and warrants further exploration in the pollution control.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the interaction mechanism between nZVI and DNB for NO_(-)^(3)-N removal.This paper details the factors affecting the removal of NO_(-)^(3)-N by nZVI combined with DNB,reviews the latest research progress in this field,elaborates on the interaction mechanism between nZVI and DNB for NO_(-)^(3)-N removal,and discusses the challenges and future research directions of NO_(-)^(3)-N removal by nZVI combined with DNB.This review aims to provide a theoretical basis for the development of efficient approaches for the remediation of NO_(-)^(3)-N pollution.