中国式现代化的自主理论建构与中国特色社会学的探索——以郑杭生的学术思想为中心

The Autonomously Theory Construction of Chinese Modernization and Exploration of the Sociology with Chinese Characteristics:The Academic Contribution of Zheng Hangsheng

以郑杭生等为代表的中国社会学家探索中国式现代化的理论建构的历程,是中国社会学逐渐融入并对话世界学术的历程,更是中国社会学对西方学说进行建设性反思批判,不断强化理论自觉,不断构建中国特色社会学自主知识体系的历程。以构建中国特色社会学理论为核心观照,以社会转型透视中国和世界的现代化,是郑杭生相关学术思想的根本进路。郑杭生的学术思想是马克思主义辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义同中华文明的融合性思维方式相会交融的结晶,其在现代化理论方面的重要贡献主要体现在:破除了现代化理论的西方中心主义迷障,批判了西式现代化理论的前提预设和二元对立思维,以转型论替代目的论的转轨学路径,将特殊经验理论转化为一般经验理论。新兴国家的现代化实践和社会转型的多样性构成了对西式现代化理论最根本的挑战,也是实现现代化理论范式转换、推进中国式现代化理论建构的重要前提。

The course of theoretical construction of Chinese modernization explored by Chinese sociologists represented by Zheng Hangsheng not only means a gradual process in which Chinese sociology is integrating itself into the global intellectual community as well as making dialogues with it but also a process that Chinese sociology constructively reflects and criticizes Western theories,thus continuously strengthening theoretical consciousness and constructing an autonomous intellectual system of the sociology with Chinese characteristics.The fundamental approach of Zheng's intellectual thoughts is based on two aspects:constructing of sociological theories with Chinese characteristics as his key concern and illuminating the modernization of China and the world through the lens of social transformation.Zheng's intellectual thoughts crystallize the integration of Marxist dialectical materialism and historical materialism with the inclusive way of thinking about Chinese civilization.His crucial contributions to modernization theory mainly lie in the following aspects:breaking through the Western centrism myth of modernization theory,criticizing the premise assumptions and dualism thinking embedded within the Western modernization theory,replacing the teleological transition path with the transformation theory,and distilling specialized empirical theories into general ones.The diversities of modernization practices and social transformations in new emerging countries pose a fundamental challenge to Western modernization theory,which is also the crucial prerequisite for realizing the paradigm shift of modernization theory and promoting the theoretical construction of Chinese modernization.