构建支持全面创新体制机制的理论阐释和实践路径

Theoretical interpretation and practical pathways for supporting all-around innovation

党的二十届三中全会通过《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的决定》指出“构建支持全面创新体制机制”,强调“必须深入实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略,统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革,健全新型举国体制,提升国家创新体系整体效能”。针对这一重大战略部署,围绕科技创新、科技体制机制改革、健全新型举国体制、企业科技创新、高校科技成果转化、人才发展体制机制改革等问题,展开多方面多较多研讨。研究认为,要坚持以科技创新的核心地位、教育改革的基础地位和人才资源的引领地位,深刻把握教育科技人才体制机制一体改革的战略逻辑、历史逻辑、实践逻辑和发展逻辑,深刻把握构建支持全面创新体制机制改革的重点任务和推进策略;深化科技体制改革,坚持目标导向和问题导向相结合、统筹推进和系统集成相结合、顶层设计和实践探索相结合,统筹处理好事关科技创新的重大原则和重要关系;要健全新型举国体制,强化党的领导作用,推动多种经济体联合攻关,用好国际资源加快国家战略高新技术转化应用,优化新型举国体制的运行保障机制;进一步强化企业科技创新主体地位,引导和促进各类数据要素向企业集聚,全链条部署和打造企业生态群,强化企业创新主体地位;加快高校科技成果转移转化机制创新,加强导师、工程师、职业经理人队伍建设,提高科技成果转化的专业化、体系化、集成化能力,深化评价、激励机制改革;加强人才资源战略支撑,注重人才力量发展长效机制、激励机制、评价机制、交流机制和引进国际人才等领域的改革,支持全面创新。

At the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Modernization was adopted,pointing out the need to“supporting all-around innovation”and emphasizing that“We must fully implement the strategy of invigorating China through science and education,the strategy of developing a quality workforce,and the innovation-driven development strategy,make coordinated efforts to promote integrated reform of institutions and mechanisms pertaining to education,science and technology,and talent,and improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide,so as to boost the overall performance of our country's innovation system.”In response to this strategic mandate,this study explores various dimensions and perspectives of topics including scientific and technological innovation,reform of scientific and technological systems and mechanisms,improvement of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide,scientific and technological innovation in enterprises,application of scientific and technological advances in higher education institutions,and institutional reforms for talent development.The study advocates prioritizing scientific and technological innovation as the strategic focal point,education reform as the foundation,and talent resources as development orientation,while examining the historical,strategic,practical,and developmental logic of integrated reforms in these domains,as well as identifying key tasks and strategic initiatives essential to the reform in supporting all-around innovation.The study further calls for deepening scientific and technological structural reform:balancing goal-oriented and problem-oriented approaches,combining overall promotion with systemic integration,integrating top-level design with practical exploration,and coordinating the handling of major principles and critical relationships relevant to scientific and technological innovation.It stresses the need to improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide:this includes strengthening the leadership role of the Party,promoting collaborative efforts among various sectors,leveraging international resources to expedite the transformation and application of strategic high-level and new technologies,and optimizing the operational support mechanisms within the new system.Furthermore,it is crucial to reinforce the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation:attention should be given to guiding the aggregation of data elements within enterprises,establishing fully integrated enterprise ecosystems across the entire chain,and consolidating enterprises as key players in innovation.We should also accelerate the mechanisms for applying scientific and technological advances within higher education institutions:this involves building teams of mentors,engineers,and professional managers,enhancing the professional,systematic,and integrated capacities for applying scientific and technological advances,and advancing reforms in evaluation and incentive mechanisms.Lastly,we need to strengthen strategic support for talent resources:this entails focusing on reforms in talent development,creating robust long-term mechanisms,improving incentive and evaluation systems,facilitating exchange mechanisms,attracting international talent,and fostering an environment that supports all-around innovation.