科技改革需要构建新范式:理论探析

Sci-tech system reform requires a new paradigm:Theoretical exploration

党的十八大以来,国家全面推进科技体制机制改革,取得了重大进展,但面对巨大的科技转型,不仅需要继续推进科技运行机制和组织结构的深化改革,更需要在变化的情境下重新反思当前的改革模式,探索与我国科技强国建设相适应的科技改革新范式。文章从我国科技大转型挑战和问题导向的“修复型”改革范式的瓶颈入手分析,论证了我国科技改革亟须摆脱旧框架、建立新范式;并基于关于创造的结构动力学理论和我国1978年以来的经济改革实践,提出超越问题导向塑造新动力、面向科技转型探索新模式、突破改革瓶颈寻找新路径,以及融合构建“结构型”改革范式理论模型的设想;最后,提出以中国科学院作为国家科技体制改革的“进化岛”,在实践中探索我国科技改革新范式,为科技强国建设铺就“最小阻力之路”。

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Party Central Committee has comprehensively promoted the reform of the sci-tech management system,and has made significant progress.Nevertheless,facing the recent massive transformation in science and technology,China not only requires intensifying and deepening the sci-tech reform,but also demands profound reflections on its current reform mode and further exploration of a new reform paradigm compatible with China’s endeavor for a world power of science and technology.This study analyzes the challenges of China’s sci-tech transformation and the bottleneck of the problem-oriented repair paradigm for sci-tech reform,demonstrating the urgent need for China to break away from outdated sci-tech reform frameworks and establish a new paradigm.Moreover,based on the theory of structural dynamics and China’s economic reform practice since 1978,it proposes ideas such as transcending the“problem-oriented”paradigm to shape the new reform impetus,exploring“constructivist”,“ecological”and“nurturing”reform modes adapt to different situation in sci-tech transformation,breaking through reform bottlenecks to find“the path of least resistance”,and integrating all the above to construct a theoretical model of a structural reform paradigm.Finally,it proposes that the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the“evolutionary island”for the national sci-tech system reform,to put the structural reform paradigm in practice,and pave the path of least resistance for China to build itself into world power of science and technology.