异基因造血干细胞移植儿童营养状况研究

Nutritional status of pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

目的:观察异基因造血干细胞移植(alloHSCT)儿童移植后1年营养状况变化,并分析其影响因素。方法:回顾分析2018年5月至2022年11月住院治疗的88例alloHSCT病儿临床资料。病儿均于移植前,移植0d,移植后3月,移植后6月,移植后1年行营养状况分析。采用多因素线性回归分析生长状况变化影响因素。结果:alloHSCT病儿移植前年龄体质指数Z评分(BMI-Z)为(0.096±1.349)分,移植0d、移植后3月、移植后6月下降为(-0.258±1.438)分、(-0.715±1.432)分、(-0.584±1.444)分,移植后1年为(-0.130±1.317)分,(P <0.001)。移植后1年BMI-Z与移植前相比无显著变化(P=1.000)。移植前年龄身高Z评分(HAZ)为(0.137±1.305)分,移植后3月、移植后6月、移植后1年下降为(-0.083±1.267)分、(-0.221±1.299)分、(-0.269±1.282)分,(P <0.001)。多因素线性回归提示年龄≥10岁(P=0.015),慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)(P=0.005)是HAZ变化影响因素。结论:接受alloHSCT治疗后的病儿BMI-Z于1年后恢复移植前水平,而HAZ持续性下降,alloHSCT影响了病儿生长速度。在alloHSCT前后,应该注意病儿HAZ变化,特别是年龄≥10岁,患有c GVHD病儿,及时提供有效营养干预。

Objective:To observe the changes in the nutritional status of pediatric patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)for one year,and to analyze the risk factors.Methods:We collected data from 88 pediatric patients who underwent allo-HSCT at the Department of Hematology and Oncology in Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between May 2018 and November 2022.All pediatric patients underwent nutritional status analysis before transplantation,at enrollment,3 months,6 months and 1 year after allo-HSCT.Linear regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for growth rate.Results:The body mass index Z score(BMI-Z)before allo-HSCT was(0.096±1.349),and decreased to(-0.258±1.438)、(-0.715±1.432)、(-0.584±1.444)at enrollment,3 months,6 months after allo-HSCT,and(-0.130±1.317)at 1 year after allo-HSCT(P<0.001).There was no significant change in BMI-Z between pre-transplantation and 1 year after transplantation(P=1.000).Height for age Z score(HAZ)before transplantation was(0.137±1.305)and decreased to(-0.083±1.267)、(-0.221±1.299)、(-0.269±1.282)in 3 months,6 months and 1 year after allo-HSCT(P<0.001).Multivariate linear regression showed that age≥10 years old(P=0.015)and chronic graft-versus-host disease(cGVHD)(P=0.005)were independent risk factors for change in HAZ.Conclusion:The BMI-Z of pediatric patients treated with allo-HSCT returned to the pre-transplantation level after one year,while HAZ continued to decrease.Allo-HSCT may cause impaired growth rate in pediatric patients.Attention should be paid to HAZ changes in pediatric patients before and after allo-HSCT,especially in pediatric patients≥10 years old of age and those with cGVHD.Effective nutritional intervention should be provided in time.