储氢容器用金属材料的氢脆敏感性

Hydrogen Embrittlement Sensitivity of Metal Materials for Hydrogen Storage Vessels

由于对化石燃料的过度依赖,导致全球能源短缺和环境污染日益严重,迫切需要开发高效、清洁新能源。氢能被认为是未来重要的清洁二次能源,近年来受到广泛关注与研究。氢的高效和安全储运是氢能大规模应用的关键技术。储氢容器临氢材料的氢脆敏感性是氢能的制造、运输、储存过程中需要解决的关键性问题。本文介绍了氢脆的形成机理、影响因素及研究方法,综述了目前国内外对于304不锈钢、316不锈钢、Cr-Mo钢、6016铝合金等主流储氢容器用金属材料的研究现状。最后,针对储氢容器未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

The problems of global energy shortage and environmental pollution are becoming increasingly serious due to the excessive dependence on fossil fuels.It is urgent to develop efficient and clean new energy.Hydrogen energy is considered as an important clean secondary energy in the future,which has attracted extensive attention and research in recent years.The high efficiency and safe storage and transportation of hydrogen are key technologies for large-scale application of hydrogen energy.The hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of hydrogen storage container materials is a key problem to be solved in the process of hydrogen energy manufacturing,transportation and storage.This paper introduces the formation mechanism,influencing factors and research methods of hydrogen embrittlement.The current research status of main metal materials for hydrogen storage vessels such as 304 stainless steel,316 stainless steel,Cr-Mo steel and 6016 aluminum alloy at home and abroad is reviewed.Finally,the future development trend of hydrogen storage vessels is prospected.