湿法炼锌危废铅银渣的侧吹熔炼-连续烟化工艺核心装备与工程设计

Engineering design and core equipment of side-submerged combustion smelting-continuous fuming process for hazardous waste lead-silver slag from zinc hydrometallurgy

针对甘肃某锌冶炼厂湿法炼锌所产工业危废铅银渣的特点,通过铅银渣冶炼机理分析以及铅银渣侧吹熔炼-连续烟化工艺过程热力学计算,进行铅银渣的侧吹熔炼-连续烟化工艺核心装备选型与工程设计,开发了一种环保、节能、连续、高效的铅银渣绿色冶炼工艺及装备,建成并顺利投产了年处理14万t铅银渣的示范工程。通过侧吹熔炼-连续烟化工艺工程设计与工业化实践,充分验证了该工艺在处理铅银渣等非自热物料上的优势,采用侧吹熔炼-连续烟化熔池熔炼工艺,将煤以粉煤的形式喷入熔池中,同时进行富氧熔炼,可以有效提高燃料利用率,降低煤率(<25%),并可以有效回收银等贵金属,最终实现了含锌危废铅银渣的减量化、无害化与资源化。

In view of the characteristics of industrial hazardous waste lead-silver slag produced by zinc hydrometallurgy in a Gansu zinc smelter,the side-submerged combustion smelting-continuous fuming process core equipment selection and engineering design for lead-silver slag were carried out,through the analysis of lead-silver slag smelting mechanism and the thermodynamic calculation of lead-silver slag smelted by side-submerged combustion smelting-continuous fuming process.An environmentally friendly,energy-saving,continuous and efficient lead-silver slag green smelting process and equipment have been developed,and a demonstration project for treating 140000 tons of lead-silver slag was formed.Through the engineering design and industrial practice of the side-submerged combustion smelting-continuous fuming process,the advantages of the side-submerged combustion smelting-continuous fuming process in the treatment of non-self-heating materials such as lead-silver slag are fully verified.By injecting coal into the molten bath in the form of pulverized coal and oxygen-enriched air smelting,precious metals such as silver has been recovered,and the side-submerged combustion smelting-continuous fuming process can effectively improve the fuel utilization rate and reduce the coal rate to<25%,which realized the reduction,harmlessness and resourceful utilization of zinc-containing hazardous waste lead-silver slag.